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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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antianxiety drugs AKA
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anxiolytics
minor tranquilizers |
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uses of antianxiety drugs
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anxiety disorders/symptoms
acute EtOH withdrawal skeletal muscle spasms convulsive disorders status epilepticus preoperative sedation |
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area of the brain effected by anxiety
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amygdala
hippocampus brain stem hypothalamus thalamus frontal cortex basal ganglia |
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physiological theory of anxiety
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increased levels of NE
decreased GABA activity |
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GABA
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gamma aminobutyric acid
inhibitory NT that prevents postsynaptic excitation |
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general physiological actions of antianxiety drugs
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depress subcortical levels of CNS
increase GABA receptor affinity |
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chemical classes of antianxiety drugs
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antihistamines
benzodiazapines carbamate derivatives azaspirodecanediones |
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generic antihistamines
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hydroxyzine
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physiological effect of antihistamines
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depress CNS activity at subcortical levels
have anticholinergic, antihistaminic, antimetic properties |
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generic benzodiazapines
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alprozolam
chlordiazepoxide clonazepam clorazepate diazepam lorazepam oxazepam |
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physiological effect of benzodiazapines
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increases the affinity of GABAa receptor for GABA
sedation |
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generic carbamate derivatives
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meprobamate
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physiological effect of carbamate derivatives
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depress multiple sites in CNS:
thalama limbic system inhibit multineuronal spinal reflexes |
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generic azaspirodecanediones
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buspirone
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physiological effect of azaspirodecanediones
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does not depress CNS
actions unknown seratonin and dopamine |
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side effects of antianxiety drugs
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drowsiness
confusion lethargy tolerance: physical and psy. depend orthostatic hypotension paradoxical excitement dry mouth nausea vomiting blood dyscrasias |
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side effects of buspirone
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all of normal with addition of:
delayed onset no tolerance experienced |
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withdrawal symptoms
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depression
insomnia increased anxiety abdominal and muscle cramps tremors vomiting sweating convulsions delerium |
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other drugs used to treat anxiety
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Paroxetine (SSRI)
Amitriptyline (TCA) Phenelzine (MAOI) Propranolol (beta blocker) Gabapentin (anticonvulsant) |
