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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State the pharmacological action for the benzodiazepines.
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To enhance Gabba to interact in the brain, decreasing neuroepinepherine, dopamine and seratonin.
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What action is commonly shared by sedative hypnotic agents, antianxiety agents and alchohol?
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CNS depressant. Sedation, enduce sleep, decrease anxiety.
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What action of propanolol (Inderal) makes it a drug to be considered for clients w/an anxiety disorder?
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Short 1/2 life.
Treats physicological sx of anxiety: tachycardia, palpitations, tremor and diarrhea. |
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What is the name of the newer antianxiety drug that has reportedly little abuse potential? Why is this drug not a drug of choice for an actue anxiety attack?
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BuSpar
Takes up to 3 weeks to become effective. |
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Name a benzodiazepine frequently used as a preoperative/prediagnostic medication.
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midazolam (Versed) due to it's short acting and amnesiac effect.
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Besides anxiety reduction and use of Versed r/t preoperative/prediagnostic, how else might the antianxiety agent be used in clinical agencies?
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Alcohol withdrawal
Pre op sedation and amnesias Not for long term sleep |
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List four antianxiety agents considered safer for the elderly, and why.
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Alprazolam and Lorazepam- short acting
Buspirone- does not cause sedation SSRI's- r/t efficacy and relatively low incidence of se's. Restoril and Oxazepam Short 1/2 life. Short duration of action. Low peridoctal effects. |
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Three widely used medications that interact w/antianxiety agents.
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Antacids- decrease absorption
Cimetidine (tagament)- increased sedation Alchohol- increased sedation Digoxin- decrease effect |
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Major contraindications for many of the antianxiety agents.
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Pregnancy
Breast Feeding Pt's who are suicidal or have hx of substance abuse Narrow angle glaucoma Caution in elderly pt's. |
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What nursing assessments are necessary in monitoring for CNS depression?
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abnl movements, somnolence, drowsiness, stupor, confusion, resp depression, blurred vision, long 1/2 life.
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Major CNS and Cardiovascular se's of benzo's and related nursing interventions.
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check vital signs when dose started, increased or decreased.
increased sedation. vital signs, neuro assess, fall risk, maintain safety. decreased BP, espec older/disabled decreased resp |
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Ongoing nursing assessment of clients taking antianxiety drugs
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assess level anxiety, coping mechanisms, suicidal idealiation, level of sedation
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nursing considerations r/t oral and parenteral administration of the antianxiety agents
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oral- be sure pt has swallowed
IM- painful IV- phlebitis |
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Areas of special consideration by the nurse in the health teach of clients and their families.
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do not increase dose w/o approval
careful driving, using equipment not to rink alcohol avoid becoming pregnant not to breastfeed if on MAOI, caution eating foods w/tyramine Take w/or shortly after meals or snack Caution w/antacids |
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When can drug dependence of a CNS depressant be produced?
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3-4 mo after continued use
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Common withdrawal sx more likely to occur where there is abrupt d/c of benzos after 3-4 months of daily use.
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increased anxiety, psychomotor agitation, insomnia, irritability, ha, tremor, palpitations, grandmal seizure-->typically what die from
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When is the likelihood of seizures during withdrawal from antianxiety agents more apt to occur?
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1 week, r/t 1/2 life.
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