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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The normal circulating thyroid hormones are ___________ _________ and ________.
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Thyroxine T4 (90%),Triiodothyronine T3 (9%) and rT3 (1%)
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_________ is the clinical syndrome caused by an excess of thyroid hormones
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Thyrotoxicosis or hyperthyroidism (Graves disease)
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_______is a clinical disorder in which there is a deficiency of thyroid hormones.
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Hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's thyroiditis)
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The primary metabolism of thyroxine is ________.
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deiodination
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Drugs like ______, ______ and ________ inhibit the 5’-deiodinase activity necessary for conversion of T4 to T3 resulting in low T3 and high of rT3
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beta blockers, high dose propylthiouracil and steroid
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Mechanism of action of thyroid hormones :
T4 dissociate from ____________ in plasma before entry into cells |
thyroxine binding globulin
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What are the following drugs used for? What do they do?
Propylthiouracil and Methimazole |
HYPERthyroidism
Inhibition of hormone synthesis |
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What are the following drugs used for? What do they do?
Iodides, Iodinated contrast media |
HYPERthyroidism
Blockade of hormone release |
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What are the following drugs used for? What do they do?
Perchlorates, Thiocynates |
HYPERthyroidism
Radioactive Iodine 131 Anion Inhibitors |
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What are the following drugs used for? What do they do?
Propranolol |
HYPERthyroidism
Beta blocking drugs |
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Thioamides inhibit the enzyme thyroid _________in the thyroid, reducing the synthesis of ________ and _________;
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peroxidase; triiodothyronine (T3); thyroxine (T4)
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Maximum effects of Thioamides occur only after ______since hormone depletion is caused by reduced synthesis, which is a slow process.
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a month
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Adverse effects of THIOAMIDES?
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Common adverse effects includes maculopapular rash, arthralgia and vasculitis.
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(Anti-thyroid drugs) IODIDE SHOULD NOT BE USED ALONE because _________
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THE GLAND WILL ESCAPE FROM THE IODIDE BLOCK IN 2-8 WEEKS
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Potassium iodide : Inorganic iodide-It blocks the organification and release through inhibition of proteolysis – known as ____________
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Wolff – Chaikoff effect
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Potassium iodide : Inorganic iodide
Chronic use in pregnancy avoided- could result in ______ |
fetal goiter
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_______ is the most popular treatment for hyperthyroidism in the United States
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Radioiodine
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______is the only isotope used in treatment of thyrotoxicosis while others are used in diagnosis
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I-131
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Anion inhibitors are uncommon in use because of ____________
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aplastic anemia
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Who am I?
-valuable in hyperthyroidism and as adjunctive in thyroid storm. -inhibit the peripheral conversion of T4 into T3 |
Iodinated contrast media : Diatrizoate / Iohexol :
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What is Propranolol?
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(anti-thyroid drug) it is used in the management of cardiac symptoms of thyrotoxicosis
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What is Lithium?
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(anti-thyroid drug) it is known to inhibit synthesis and release of thyroid hormones
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What is Amiodarone?
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(anti-thyroid drug) can also result in hypothyroidism
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The principal manifestations of myxedema coma is ________
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deterioration of mental status
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How is Myxedema coma treated?
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it is treated with intravenous T4 or sometimes T3
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The extreme manifestations of untreated hypothyroidism is __________ with a mortality ~ 50%.
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myxedema coma
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Thyroid hormones replacement is monitored by _________
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plasma TSH
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________ is an acute, life-threatening state induced by excessive release of thyroid hormones
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Thyrotoxic crisis,
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