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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Proguanil
Proguanil + atovaquone (malarone)? |
-prophylactic and suppressive towards sporozoites of malaria
-suppresses acute attacks of P. vivax, but NOT helpful in latent stages -tx chloroquine resistant and mdr strains of falciparum and vivax |
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Primaquine
Contra? |
-tx latent forms of vivax and ovale to prevent relapse
-active against exo-erythrocyte schizonts and gametocytocidal for all species of human malaria -not for pts with G6PD deficiency |
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Chloroquine
tx? other uses? MOA? adverse? |
-tx: vivax, ovale, malariae, and UNCOMPLICATED falciparum <safe in preggos>
-Hepatic amebiasis, SLE, RA -tx against intra-erythrocytic form inhibiting hemozoin formation by inc pH, and inhibits TNF-a (anti-inflammatory) -CNS toxicity, retinopathy, ototoxicity |
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Quinine
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optical isomer=quinidine (more toxic)
-prototypical blood schizonticide -gametocidal for vivax & malariae NOT falciparum -Main use: tx severe illness from chloroquine resistant and mdr strains of falciparum -prevents hemozoin formation -can tx restless leg syndrome (contra in myasthenia gravis) -cinchonism, contra in preggos |
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Pyrimethamine (antimetabolite)
+ Sulfadioxine <both antifolates> |
-prophylaxis of chloroquine resist. falciparum, in combo with quinine tx uncomplicated multiresist. falciparum
MOA= inhibits DHFR (of parasite NOT human) |
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Metronidazole
(nitroimidazole) |
tx: amebiasis, trichomoniasis, giardiasis, balantidiasis
-hepatic abscesses tx -high activity w anaerobes -MOA= prodrug reduced by anaerobic metabolism |
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Nifurtimox
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-oral tx for ACUTE trypanosoma (Chagas) - no good for chronic
-MOA=yield oxygen free radicals... prolonged use not recomm. ADVERSE: dose related and reversible, seizures, polyneuritis, avoid in early preggo |
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Sodium Stilbogluconate
(antimonial) |
-tx leishmaniasis (kala azar)
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Amebiasis
Major drug tx? |
-Metronidazole; diloxanide furoate
-iodoquinol -tinidazole |
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Intestinal flagellate
Giardia lamblia drugs? Trichomonoas vaginalis drugs? |
-metronidazole, tinidazole
-metronidazole, tinidazole |
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Hemoflagellates
A. Leishmania donovanii (Kala Azar) drugs? B. Trypanosoma cruzi drugs? |
-Stilbogluconate sodium
-Nifurtimox, suramin |
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Ciliate
Balantidum coli drugs? |
-Tetracycline
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Sporozoa
cryptosporidium drugs? Plasmodium? |
-Paromomycin
-(Malaria drugs) |
