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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of antibiotic is Bacitracin? What is its mechanism of action?
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Polypeptide antibiotic ;
inhibits cell wall synthesis |
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What type of antibiotic is vancomycin? Mechanism of action?
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Glycopeptide antibiotic; inhibits cell wall synthesis
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What is bacitracin useful against? What is it usually found in ?
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Staph and Strep;
Triple antibiotic ointments |
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What is the spectrum for vancomycin? How is it adminstered?
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Narrow (gram pos)
Parentally |
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What are the two bacteria that vancomycin used to be used for which currently have resistant strains?
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S. aureus (VRSA)
Enterococcus (VRE) |
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What are the major concerns with using Vancomycin?
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Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity (monitor kidney fxn closely- may need to peak and trough levels)
If infused too rapidly could cause itching, rash, fever, and chills (red man syndrome) |
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How do carbapenams and monobactams differ from penicillins and cephalosporins?
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both relatively resistant to beta-lactamases
carbapenams has a different structure in the beta-lactam ring and monobactams have single rings rather than double |
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what is the spectrum of carbapenams?
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Broad- staph, strep, pseudomonas, anaerobes (Bacteroides fragilis)
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Give two types of carbapenams:
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Dorapenem
Imipenem + cilastatin |
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Dorapenam belongs to which groups of anti-infectives?
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Carbapenems
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Imipenam + cilastatin belongs to which group of antiinfectives?
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Carbapenems
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What is the spectrum for monobactams?
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Limited to certain gram negs (E. coli and Pseudomonas)
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What are two advantages of monobactams?
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-Low toxicity
-can be used for penicillin-allergic patients |
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What is the mechanism of action of Polymixin-B? Spectrum? What is it typically found in ?
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injures the plasma cell membrane; gram negs ;
Triple antibiotic ointments |
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Which antibiotic is currently effective against MRSA and VRE? What is the mechanism?
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Daptomycin;
Lipoprotein that disrupts membrane function by rapid depolarization |
