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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Polyene |
Makes leaky channels; selective fungicidal effect |
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Amphotericin B |
Polyene; mainstay Tx of life threatening mycoses, EXCEPT for dermatophytoses; broadest spectrum of activity (against yeasts and molds); Toxic, but does NOT readily cross the BBB; Renal damage (MOST significant toxic rxn) |
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Nystatin |
Polyene; used topically vs yeasts and dermatophytes; most commonly used for local candidal infections; same toxicity as Amphotericin; TOO toxic for parenteral, so given topically |
Common indications: oropharyngeal thrush, vaginal candidiasis, intertriginous candidal infection |
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Natamycin |
Polyene; Primacin (used topically for superficial mycotic infections of the eye) |
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Azole |
Fungistatic; inhibits CYP450 enzymes in ergosterol synthesis; MOST common anti fungal; specific!! Tx of Amphotericin resistant organisms; minor GI upset (MOST common adverse effect) |
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Ketoconazole |
Imidazole prototype; needs acidic environment; does NOT enter the CNS well; greater chance to inhibit mammalian enzymes; MAINLY for its effect on superficial dermatophytes |
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Fluoconazole |
Triazole; enters CNS; LEAST effect of hepatic enzymes; drug of choice for cryptococcal meningitis; MOST commonly used for mucocutaneous candidiasis |
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Itraconazole |
Triazole; Azole of choice for Tx of dimorphic fungi Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Sporothrix; also for Tx of dermatophytoses and onychomycosis; WIDEST therapeutic index of the azoles; REDUCED BA when taken with Rifampicin; does NOT enter CSF |
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Voriconazole |
Triazole; also wide spectrum; Azole of choice vs aspergillosis; |
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Posaconazole |
Triazole; for invasive candidiasis, aspergillosis, zygomycetes; ORAL only |
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Fluocystine |
Anti-metabolite; narrow spectrum of activity; synergy with Amphotericin B (cryptococcal meningitis) AND Itraconazole (chromoblastomycosis); enters CNS; mainly for Tx of Candida, Cryptococcus neoformans, chromoblastomycosis; |
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Echinocandins |
Active against Candida and Aspergillus, but NOT Cryptococcus neoformans; inhibit B glucans of cell wall; Fungicidal; |
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Caspofungin |
Echinocandin; used during febrile neutropenia; if in used with cyclosporin, will elevate liver enzymes |
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Micaungin |
Specifically for bone marrow transplant patients; inc levels of nifedipine, cyclosporin, sirolimus |
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Anidulafungin |
For esophageal and invasive candidiasis, also septicemia; histamine release during IV infusion |
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Griseofulvin |
Fungistatic; for Tx of dermatophytoses; prevent infection of new skin (keratophilic medication); binds to microtubules to stop mitosis; given for 2-6 weeks for hair and skin infections, months for nail infections; ORALLY given |
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Allylamine: Terbinafine |
For Tx of dermatophytoses, especially onychomycosis; keratophilic medication but fungicidal; inhibits squalene epoxidase; 1 tablet for 12 weeks |
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Clotrimazole and Miconazole |
Topical azole; Over the counter; often for Tx of vulvovaginal candidiasis and oral thrush; also for dermatophytic infections (tinea corporis, tinea pedis, tinea cruris) |
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KI |
given orally to Tx cutaneous and lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis, but NOT for Sporothrix schenckii |
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