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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Amphotericin B |
Therapeutic Class: antifungal Class: Polyene Action: binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes causing them to become permeable or leaky. Indications: wide spectrum, includes most fungi pathogenic humans Adverse Effects: fever, chills, vomiting, HA, phlebitis, Nephrotoxicity, Cardiac arrest, hypotension, ototoxictiy -do not use with drugs that affect renal function. |
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Fluconazole |
Therapeutic Class: antifungal Class: Azole Drugs Action:interfere with the biosynthesis of the fungal cell membrane Indications: broad spectrum, used to treat systemic, cutaneous, superficial infections Adverse Effects: anaphylaxis, hepatitis, menstrual irregularities, decrese libido -most versatile |
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Azole- Systemic |
fluconazole Indications: treat fungal infections in CNS, bone, eyes, urinary, and respiratory tract. -Not effective against non-albicans candida Adverse Effects: N/V, diarrhea and high doses, -use cautiously in pt with renal impairments. |
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Nursing Implications with Azole Therapy |
-d/n give ketoconazole to pt with alcoholism b/c can be toxic to liver. -monitor S/S of hepatotoxicity (pruritis, jaundice, dark urine) - Azoles effect glycemic control in diabetic pt. Monitor sugar levels - Caution with pregnancy, renal impairment, bone marrow suppression, -Amphotericin B can cause kidney damage, -closely monitor fluid and electrolytes - can cause ototoxicity |
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Azoles for Topical Therapy |
-Safer than systemic infections -burning and irritation at application site -oral med needed if superficial has invaded deeper tissues |
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Medications to treat Superficial Infections |
-Griseofulvin: given po for hair, skin, nails, that have not responded to topical tx. -Itraconazole and terbinafine: oral antifungals that accumulate in nails and remain active after months -Miconazole and Clotimazole- OTC used for vaginal yeast infections -Tolnaftate- used for jock itch and athletes foot |
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Nystatin (Mycostatin) |
Antifungal for superficial infection Action: destroy fungal cell membrane Primary use: Candida infections of mouth, skin, vagina, and intestine Adverse Effects: minor skin irritation, N/V, diarrhea in high doses -assess for signs of contact dermatitis -do not use superficial antifungals during pregnancy or lactating |
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Helminth Infections |
parasitic worms that cause significant disease -roundworm -flukes -tapeworm Most enter through skin and digestive tract |
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Anti-Helminthic Drugs |
Kill parasites locally, disrupts life cycle -Albendazole: single dose, repeated in 2wks. Adverse effects: contraindicated in pregnancy, monitor liver tests and CBC -Pyrantel: OTC. Single dose, repeated in 2wk. drug of choice if pregnant Adverse Effects: nausea, tenesmus, anorexia, diarrhea, fever |
