Anti-Cancer Agents

Front 1

Combination chemotherapy is curative in which types of cancer?

Back 1

Testicular
Lymphoma
Certain childhood cancers

Front 2

What are some adverse effects and complications of anti-cancer drugs?

Back 2

Myelosuppression
Nausea and Vomiting
Alopecia
Stomatitis and oral ulcers

Front 3

Cancers that are ___________ are least vulnerable to chemotherapeutic agents.

Back 3

slowly dividing (ie colon, lung)

Front 4

Clinically useful antibiotic anti-cancer drugs are derived from __________.

Back 4

Streptomyces

Front 5

What are the anthracyclines used to treat cancer?

Back 5

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
Daunorubicin

Front 6

What is the mechanism of action of anthracyclines (Doxorubicin and Daunorubicin)?

Back 6

1) Block synthesis of DNA and RNA
2) Affect topoisomerase II
3) Alters membrane fluidity and ion transport

Front 7

What is the major side effect of Doxorubicin?

Back 7

Cardiotoxicity

Front 8

What are the antibiotics used to treat cancer?

Back 8

Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin
Mitomycin
Bleomycin

Front 9

What is the mechanism of action of Mitomycin in treatment of cancer?

Back 9

DNA alkylation

Front 10

Which anti-cancer drugs can also be used in glaucoma surgery?

Back 10

Mitomycin
5-Fluorouracil

Front 11

What adverse effect is unique to anti-cancer treatment with Bleomycin?

Back 11

Pulmonary fibrosis

Front 12

Anti-cancer therapy with which antibiotic results in SEVERE myelosuppression?

Back 12

Mitomycin

Front 13

What are the antimetabolites used to treat cancer?

Back 13

Methotrexate
5-Fluorouracil (Pyrimidine analog)
Cytarabine
6-Mercaptopurine (Purine analog)
6-Thioguanine (Purine analog)

Front 14

What is the mechanism of action of Methotrexate?

Back 14

Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase

Front 15

Cytarabine's mechanism of action is specific for the __ phase of the cell cycle.

Back 15

S

Front 16

Cytarabine interrupts DNA synthesis and function by inhibiting which enzyme?

Back 16

DNA polymerase

Front 17

What is the basis for the mechanism of action of 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) and 6-Thioguanine (6-TG)?


*hint - both are purine analogs

Back 17

Inhibition of purine

Front 18

What are some examples of Vinca alkaloids used in anti-cancer drug therapy?

Back 18

Vincristine
Vinblastine

Front 19

What is the mechanism of action of Vinca alkaloids?

Back 19

Binds to tubulin resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle apparatus.

Front 20

What are the purine analogs for anti-cancer therapy?

Back 20

6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP)
6-Thioguanine (6-TG)

Front 21

What is the pyrimidine analog used in anti-cancer chemotherapy?

Back 21

5-Fluorouracil

Front 22

L-Asparaginase interferes with protein synthesis by depriving neoplastic cells of exogenously supplied __________.

Back 22

L-asparagine

Front 23

The alkylating agent, Cisplatin (CDDP), interferes with DNA synthesis by causing _____________.

Back 23

DNA crosslinking

Front 24

Hydroxyurea's mechanism of action is specific for the ___ phase of the cell cycle.

Back 24

S

Front 25

Androgens are useful for breast carcinomas that have ______ receptor protein present on the tumor.

Back 25

estrogen

Front 26

What is the anti-estrogen drug used to manage breast carcinomas?

Back 26

Tamoxifen

Front 27

What is the mechanism of action of Phenothiazine (an anti-emetic)?

Back 27

Anti-dopaminergic
Anti-serotoninergic

Front 28

__________is the most widely used anti-emetic in anti-cancer chemotherapy.

Back 28

Phenothiazine

Front 29

What are some examples of anti-emetics used in anti-cancer therapy?

Back 29

PHENOTHIAZINES
Chlorpromazine
Prochlorperazine
Metoclopramide
Ondansetron (Zofran)
Granisetron
Glucocorticoids (dexamethasone)
Benzodiazepines
Antihistamines

Front 30

What is the mechanism of action of Metoclopramide as an anti-emetic?

Back 30

Dopamine antagonist

*acts centrally and peripherally

Front 31

What is an adverse effect of high doses of Metoclopramide (an anti-emetic)?

Back 31

Extrapyramidal/Dystonic reactions

Front 32

Where do Ondansetron (Zofran) and Granisetron act to induce their anti-emetic effects?

Back 32

Chemotaxic Zone (centrally)
Vagus nerve (peripherally)

Front 33

Ondansetron (Zofran) and Granisetron are considered _______ antagonists because they block ______ receptors.

Back 33

Serotonin.....5HT3

Front 34

What are the primary drugs used to treat Thyroid cancer?

Back 34

Radioiodine (I-131)
Doxyrubicin
Cisplatin

Front 35

What are the primary drugs used to treat Cervical cancer?

Back 35

Cisplatin
Carboplatin

Front 36

What are the primary drugs used to treat Stomach or Pancreatic cancer?

Back 36

Flurouracil + Doxyrubicin
Mitomycin

Front 37

What are the primary drugs used to treat Polycythemia vera?

Back 37

Busulfan
Chlorambucil
Cyclophosphamide

Front 38

What are the primary cancers most likely to lead to ocular metastases?

Back 38

Breast
Lung
Colon

Front 39

What are the primary drugs used to treat Colon cancer?

Back 39

Flurouracil + Leucovorin + Interferon

Front 40

What are the primary drugs used to treat Prostatic cancer?

Back 40

Estrogens
GnRH agonist + Flutamide

Front 41

What are the primary drugs used to treat Melanoma?

Back 41

Dacarbazine
Cisplatin

Front 42

What are the primary drugs used to treat Ovarian cancer?

Back 42

Cisplatin
Carboplatin

Front 43

_________ is the primary combination chemotherapy regimen used in treating Wilms' Tumor.

Back 43

Vincristin + Dactinomycin

Front 44

What are the primary drugs used to treat Testicular cancer?

Back 44

Cisplatin
Bleomycin
Etoposide