Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Culture
1. A system of? 2. Makes up... |
1. Knowledge, beliefs, patterns of behavior, artifacts, and institutions that are created, learned and shared by a group of people
2. People’s entire way of life |
|
|
Culture includes? |
Shared norms, values, symbols, mental maps of reality, material objects, structures of power (media, education, religion & politics) that shape, reinforce and challenge our understanding of the world. |
|
|
Enculturation |
the process of learning culture; through formal & informal processes |
|
|
Animals learn social behavior too. Give 3 examples. |
1. Wolves learn hunting strategies from pack 2. Whales learn unique calls of their pod 3. Chimps learn how to make rudimentary tools |
|
|
Norms |
Ideas or rules about how people should behave in particular situations or toward certain other people.
Often assumed & unwritten but sometimes formalized in writing (i.e. laws, code of academic integrity, system of business or medical ethics) |
|
|
Exogamy |
marriage outside of one’s group |
|
|
Endogamy
|
marriage within one’s group |
|
|
Values
|
Fundamental beliefs about what is important, true or beautiful, and what makes a good life |
|
|
Core US values include? (4) |
1. Individualism 2. Independence 3. Freedom of speech/press/religion 4. Equal access to social mobility |
|
|
Symbols are? |
Anything that stands for something else.
For example, language allows us to communicate abstract ideas through symbols – written/spoken words, unspoken sounds/gestures, etc. |
|
|
Powerful systems of symbols in religion carry greater meaning than the physical material they’re constructed of.
Examples? (7) |
1. Mandalas 2. the Koran 3. the Torah 4. Christian cross 5. holy water 6. statues of the Buddha 7. national flags |
|
|
Four Spatial Comfort Zones in U.S. Culture are? |
1. Public Zone 2. Social Zone 3. Personal Zone 4. Intimate Zone |
|
|
Public Zone |
the comfortable amount of space in a public forum between speaker and audience
12 feet or more |
|
|
Social Zone |
when people who don’t know each other well need to communicate directly
4-12 feet |
|
|
Personal Zone |
casual friends sitting together/chatting
1.5-4 feet |
|
|
Intimate Zone |
yourself/intimate contact
1.5 feet-contact |
|
|
Mental Maps of Reality
|
Cultural classifications of what kinds of people and things exist, and the assignment of meaning to those classifications.
Shaped through enculturation, but not fixed – can be challenged/redrawn. |
|
|
2 Important Functions of Mental Maps are? |
1. Classify reality 2. Assign meaning |
|
|
How do mental maps classify reality? (3 examples) |
1. In 18th century, European naturalists (such as Carolus Linnaeus) created systems of classification for natural world: 5 kingdoms subdivided into phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
2. Gregorian calendar of time, time zones, etc.
3. Race: a social construction to categorize humans, the notion of race is falsely assumed to have a biological basis. |
