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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is patrilocal residence?
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• Residencing in which the couple lives with the husband’s father’s relatives.
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What is Matrilocal residence?
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• New couple will live with the wives’ mother’s family. Occurs in societies where women control wealth.
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What is Ambilocal residence?
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• New couple lives with either side. Usually found in hunter-gatherer societies.
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What is avunculocal residence?
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• Couple lives with husband’s mother’s brother. (Uncle on mother side)
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What is neolocal residence?
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• Married couple goes off and lives on their own. Nuclear family becomes more important. We are this.
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What type of marital residence pattern is most common in the U.S.?
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• Neolocal
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What is a family?
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• A social and economic unit consisting minimally of one parent and their child. Marriage results in the formation of a new family.
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What is a nuclear family?
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• Married couple and their children.
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What is an extended family?
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• Two or more married couples and three or more generations.
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What type of family is most common in the U.S.?
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• Nuclear
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What is kinship?
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• The complex system of social relationships based on marriage (affinity) and birth (consanguinity, blood)
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What is affinity?
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• Marriage
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What is consanguinity?
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• Blood related kin
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What is unilineal descent?
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• Kin affiliation that regards descent through one sex only.
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What is matrilineal descent?
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• Descent only through the mother’s side.
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What is bilateral kinship?
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• Kin affiliation through both parents at the same time.
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What type of kinship is most common in the U.S.?
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• Bilateral – affiliate with both sides.
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What is a lineage?
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• Kin whose members trace their links back to a known common ancestor. Bonds are tighter.
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What is a clan?
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• Kin whose members believe themselves to be descended from a common ancestor, but genealogy is unclear.
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What is a phratry?
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• Group composed of supposedly related clans.
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What/Who is ego?
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• Ego is the reckoning of kinship, the reference point or focal person.
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Name the six kinship systems?
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• Eskimo – Emphasizes nuclear family, used by Euroamericans, mother, father, brother, and sister distinguished, usually in bilateral societies, others in family are lumped into larger categories. US
• Hawaiin – Generational system, Often associated with ambilineal descent. • Iroquois – same term for parent’s same sex siblings and parent, parallel cousins same as siblings, cross cousins- different term, preferred marriage partner, common in unilineal descent systems. • Crow – like Iroquois except ignore generational barriers for some kin; matrilineal. • Omaha System 0 similar to Iroquois, parallel cousins merged with siblings, cross cousins cut across generational divisions, call mother’s brother’s son same as mother’s brother, call mother’s brother’s daughter same as mother. • Sudanese – descriptive system, most complicated, no two relatives called by same designation. |
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What is the most important unit in the Eskimo system?
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• Nuclear family.
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In the Hawaiian system, generations play an important part. What does this mean?
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• For each generation there is one term. Everyone in your generation is your brother, above is your mother or father.
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What do the Iroquois, Omaha, and Crow systems have in common?
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• They all recon descent unilineal
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What is special about the Sudanese system?
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• Different term for every single person in family.
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