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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Paleocene |
Primate-like mammals, claws, 60 mil yrs ago Plesiadiform: early primate-like mammal
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Eocene |
First "true" primates, anthropoids or first monkeys, Euprimates: adapids and omonyids
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Oligocene |
radiation of monkeys (anthropoids)
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Aegyptopithecus |
y-5, long snout, arboreal, slow quadraped, near the root of all Catarrhini |
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Miocene |
Not many monkeys, radiations of hominids and orgins of hominins
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hominoid |
Lesser Apes, greater apes, humans |
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hominids |
great apes and humans |
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Hominins |
humans |
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Proconsul |
appeared in Miocene, no tail, monkey like body, ape like skull, y-5 pattern, small snout |
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Sivipithecus |
Miocene, resembles orangutans |
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Gigantopithecus |
known for teeth and jaws, specialized for heavy chewing |
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Basic Social unit |
mother and offspring |
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Intrasexual Selection |
favors traits that aid in male-male competition
large size, large canines |
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Intersexual Selection |
favors traits that make males attractive to females |
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Pair bonded groups |
solicitous mates, committed fathers
invest in offspring, guard females vs. rivals
closely bonded to mate |
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Multi-Male Groups |
competitive males, distant fathers, compete for dominance, rank changes frequently, rank correlates to reproductive success |
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One Male, Multi-female |
intense competition, infanticide |
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radiocarbon |
estimates age of organic materials
useful on items up to 50,000 years |
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Arboreal Hypothesis |
specialized for trees: 3-d vision, smell less important, grasping hands and feet
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Visual Predation hypothesis |
primates evolved to hunt insects
stereoscopic vision
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Angiosperm radiation hypothesis |
primates evolved to eat fruit; grasping hands and feet, good vision |
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Benefits of Grouping |
Ability to defend resources
Access to potential mates
Protection against predators |
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Costs of Grouping |
Competition over resources
Diseases
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Detection |
large groups, more eyes to detect predators
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Deterrence
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alarm calls, mobbing, sleep in trees, cliffs, defensive weaponry, large body size
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Dilution |
in groups, single individual less likely to be caught by predator
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Sociobiology |
Behaviors can evolve as a result of natural selection |
