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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Participant Observation
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Signature method. Observation through living with people for an extended period of time.
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Acculturation
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what happens when you live in continual first hand cotact with people.
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Emic
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Insiders perspective
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Etic
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Outsiders perspective (anthropologists)
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Cutural diffusion
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Blending of cultures.
a. direct=trade, intermarriage, war. b. indirect= internet, media |
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Anthropological data analysis
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looking for patterns in date, use of observations of others
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Tylors definition of culture & modern culture
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Complex whole which includes knowledge , belief, arts, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits aquired by a man as a member of society.
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Status shifting
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situational negotation of identity
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Phonemics/phonetics
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sounds with meaning in local context/sounds in general
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Ascribed/achieved status
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permanant born to/ earn/gain can change
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lexicon
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all possible meaningful
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syntax
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arrangement of words or phrases in a sentence
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stereotype, discrimination and prejudice
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fixed ideas about a group, unequality treatment due to policies and practices,
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skin color
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pigment, blood vessels, thickness of skin
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generalized reciprocity
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no expectations of immediate return
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balanced reciprocity
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expect equal returns over reasonal period of time
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bands
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very small & fluid , 30-100 people, situational leaders, Ju 'hoansi
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tribes
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low density, big men and headmen, status achieved
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chiefdoms
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more complex, higher density, chiefs-status ascribed
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states
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highest density, most complex, specialized polictial offices
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correlations of political organization & modes of subsistence
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bands-foragers, tribes- horticultural, or pastoral; chiefdoms- horticulture, agriculture, or pastoral; states- industrial, intensive agriculture, intensity pastoralization
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horticulture
agriculture |
gardening, farming & more labor intensive
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the nuclear family
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control sex, reproduction, more economic activity, provides for eduction, socialization, enculturation of offspring
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gender
sex |
gender= biological, sex= cultural
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patrilineal & matrilinieal descent
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both unilineal, matri-mothers side, patri- fathers side
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gender among
foragers horticulturalists agricultralists industrial societies |
men hunt, women gather
women produce more men produce more, exaggerated gender stratification women increase in workplace |
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leviratic marriage
sororiate marriage |
widow marries husband's brother
widow marries deceased wife's sister |
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Gender roles
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tasks assigned to a certain gender
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stereotypes
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ideas characterized to a certain group
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stratification
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unequal distribution of rewards
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