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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cultural vs moral relativism |
cultural-our culture decides our standards of right and wrong moral-we decide for ourselves |
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ethnography (emics and etics) |
goal-complete immersion into a culture firsthand research of a society, living with them emics-subjective, insider account etics-objective, outsider account |
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hegemony |
Power so pervasive, seen as just "how things are." leadership or dominance, especially by one country or social group over others. |
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political economy |
focuses on power relationships and how conflict arises with power interplay between economics, law and politics, and how institutions develop in different social and economic systems |
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structure vs agency |
structure-social influences, government, family, etc, determine our decisions agency-roles individuals play, independence to act creatively |
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materialism |
culture is shaped by the material resources which the environment gives us how people make a living in their environment |
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scapes |
the world is layered with interconnected systems, "scopes" (financial scapes-connected systems throughout the world, media scapes-connect the world in ways that defy boundaries, ideoscapes-ideologies that join us together) |
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world politi theory |
actors+purposes/goals+principles actors create institutions in which to enact their goals, when they come together, this single world-politi is created. |
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world culture theory |
world is a single place and all who live on it are interdependent, connected we define ourself in relation to our culture |
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belief vs faith |
belief is intellectual, doctrines, teachings, etc faith is deeper understanding, feeling with the heart |
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Levi Abu Lughod Antonio Gramsci Rita Aslan Geertz Assad Pouillion |
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ancestors |
in animism, part of the spirit world-we can have social relationships with them, in naturalism, more of a cyclical, die and become part of the natural world |
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saints |
could be ancestors, have earned respect and a degree of holiness |
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naturalism |
NATURAL relationship between humans and non humans |
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animism |
social relationships between humans and non humans |
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social evolutionism |
Progress of civilization, primitive religions became modern religion |
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levi strauss geertz |
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mechanical solidarity |
KINSHIP, integration of members of a society who have common values and beliefs. “collective conscience” works internally to cause them to cooperate. individual subsumed into the group |
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organic solidarit |
SOCIAL ties, professional and social relationships,social unity based on a division of labor that results in people depending on each other; individual can have personal opinions and beliefs |
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social cohesion |
the willingness of members of a society to cooperate with each other in order to survive and prosper. |
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sacred and profane (Mary Douglas) |
sacred-things in relation to the spirit world profane-how we live in the every day (categories of our everyday life DEFINE our sacred) |
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functionalism |
everything serves a function in society-if it exists, there is a reason |
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ideal types |
common mental construct in the social sciences derived from observable reality although not conforming to it in detail because of deliberate simplification and exaggeration Make religion easier to classify, models of something hard to categorize/explain |
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atheism, monotheism, polytheism, pantheism, theism |
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rites of passage 1 seperation 2 liminal 3 reintigration |
leaving a group, being changed by the personal chaos of finding one's independence apart from group, return to group or new group with common feeling of having passed this milestone |
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communitas |
recognition of human bond, humans come together in the face of adversity, the struggle of finding oneself leads to understanding others struggle |
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symbolic violence |
"unrecognizable, socially recognized violence" when people assume this is just the way we do things, emotional abuse, stereotyping, etc |
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structured violence |
ways society harms or disadvantages people in a systematic way police brutality, prison systems, etc |
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signs 1 icon 2 index 3 symbol |
icon-sign with arbitrary connection to its meaning index-sign with existential connection to its meaning(must be familiar with experience to fully understand connection) symbol-likeless to what it represents, connection between signifier and signified |
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signifier vs signified |
tree vs your image of what tree represents, the image, emotions, memories, you bring to your total understanding |
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Malinowski Evans-Pritchard Peridot |
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structuralism post structuralism |
structuralist- how individual relates to societies structures language as structure which defines itself in terms of itself. There is no language ‘behind’ language with which we understand it, Instead it is a self-referential system. Words explain words explain words (as in a dictionary)-as a metaphor for reality
p-s-signs meanings are constantly changing, signs generate meaning through time and usage |
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interpretivism |
rejection of structuralism, meaning embedded in structure |
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Obeyekere |
Obeyesekere insisted that indigenous people thought in essentially the same way as Westerners and was concerned that any argument otherwise would paint them as "irrational" and "uncivilized". |
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embodiment |
embodiment is our fundamental existential condition, our corporeality or bodiliness in relation to the world and other people our spiritual existence and our earthly bodies, interactions |
