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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Osteology
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The study of bones
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Osteoblast
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building bones
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Osteoclast
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crushing bones
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Anatomical Position
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arms at side, palms facing forward
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Appendicular
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the limbs
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Axial
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head and trunk (chest area)
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Sagital Section
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down the middle of the body
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Superior
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above
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Inferior
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below
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Distal
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away from the body (distance)
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Proximal
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close to the body
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medial
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middle of the body
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lateral
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to the side
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pronation, supination
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words to know
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dorsal
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the back
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ventral
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in the front (stomach)
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anterior
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the front (head)
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posterior
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in the back (legs)
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condyle
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a rounded point that connects w/ another bone
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crest
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a projecting ridge
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diaphysis
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shaft of the bone
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epiphysis
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the end of the bone
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fontanelle
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like the soft spot on a baby's head
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foramen
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hole
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suture
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immovable joints is on the skull
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process
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an outgrowth of bone - has muscle attached to it
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torus
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an elevation or prominence
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frontal bone
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bone in the front of the skull
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parietal
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side bones of the skull
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occipital
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rear bone of the skull
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sphenoid bones
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behind the eyes
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maxilla
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around the nose
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zygomatic
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cheek bones
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mandible
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jaw bone
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temporal bone
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where your temple is
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nasal bone
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the nose
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sagital suture
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the length of the skull, separates teh parietal bones
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coronal suture
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the forehead
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lambdoidal suture
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separates teh occipital bone
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squamosal suture
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around the ears
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metopic suture
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small, above the eyes and nose, not on all skulls
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mastoid process
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moves the head side to side, behind the ears
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superial nuchal line
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on the occipital bone, pulls the head back
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mental foraman
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hole in the jaw
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external auditory muatus
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ear hole
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mental eminance
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chin
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temporal line
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helps close the jaw
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supraorbital torus
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eyebrows
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foramen magnum
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neck hole
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occipital codyles
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on the occipital bone
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homodont
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same teeth - have static diets
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heterodont
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different teeth - eat many different things
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deciduous teeth
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baby teeth (2-1-0-2)
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permanent teeth
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(2-1-2-3)
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bell shaped curve
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variation, normal curve
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spinal process
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the part of the spine that we can feel from the outside, connected to muscle
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central canal
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what the spinal cord goes through
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transverse processes
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on the sides of the spinal discs
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cervical vertebraes
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7 total, have 3 holes, smaller, 2 are special, altus, axis, top of the spine
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thoracic vertebraes
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12 total, looks like giraffe, spinal process angles down, transverse processes are flat, only 1 hole, connected to ribs, 2nd set
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lumbar vertebraes
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really blunt spinal process, only 1 hole, larger, thicker, 3rd set
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sacrael vertebraes
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5, fused together, 4th set
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coccygeal
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tailbone, 5th set
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hyoid bone
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not connected to any other bones, connected to the tongue, pharynx and neck
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clvical
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collar bone
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sternum
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over the heart, connected to the ribs
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scapula
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shoulder blade
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glenoid fossa
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point of articulation w/ the head of the humourous
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true ribs
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connects with a single pies of cartiledge to the sternum
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false ribs
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connect w/ other bones to the sternum
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floating ribs
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no connection to the sternum
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os coxa
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pelvic bone, connects w/ the sacrum to create the pelvic girdle
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illium
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top portion of pelvic bone
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pubis
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most anterior (toward the middle) of the pelvic bone
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ischium
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posterior bone (we sit on it)
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acetabulum
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the meeting point of the three pelvic bones, leg socket
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3 places of movement on the pelvic bone
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between the sacrum and the illium, between the 2 pubis bones, in the acetabulum
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humerous
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bicep bone
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ulna
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medial bone, has elbow
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radius
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moves over teh ulna, follows teh thumb
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femur
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connected to the hips
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patella
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kneecap
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tibia
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shin bone
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fibula
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fused to the tibia
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phalanges
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finger bones
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carpels
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wrist bones
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tarcels
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ankle bones
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metacarpals
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palm bones
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metatarces
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arch of the foot
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standard deviation
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the normal deviation from the normal, how far do we deviate from the standard?
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anthropometry
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measurement of humans
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osteomoetry
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measurement of bones
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nonmetric traits
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you either have them or you don't
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