Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Religion
|
set of beliefs in supernatural forces that functions to provide meaning, peace of mind, and a sense of control over unexplainable phenomenon
|
|
|
Characteristics or Functions of Religion
|
1- Explains the inexplicable
2- Validates the social order 3- Reinforces pyschologically 4- Integrates you into society 5- Stores information |
|
|
Rites of Passage
|
set of three rituals that moves you from one status to another
|
|
|
Marriage: Rite of Separation
|
engagement
|
|
|
Marriage: Period of Transition (liminal stage)
|
deciding the details, neither married nor single
|
|
|
Marriage: Rite of Incorporation
|
wedding, marriage, 'I do'
|
|
|
Religious Cult Movements
|
1- Steady State
2- Period of Stress 3- Period of Cultural Distortion 4- Period of Revitalization 5- New Steady State |
|
|
Steady State
|
society adjusts itself durng bad times to good times
|
|
|
Period of Stress
|
disease and sickness
|
|
|
Period of Distortion
|
obsessive drinking, murders, violence, womanizing, culturals disentegrating
|
|
|
Period of Revitalization
|
wonderful peace and harmony (white man would be gone-get back to the old way=Noch-del-yah-Kilnnen)
|
|
|
New Steady State
|
functioning and operating society
|
|
|
Worldview: Good Guy
|
Huitzilopochtli = Lord of the universe - light and life
|
|
|
Worldview: Bad Guy
|
Tezcatlipoca = God of darkeness - death and evil
|
|
|
Worldview
|
1- Universe and gods depend on Aztecs
2- Cosmological struggle, earthly struggle 3- Pessimism |
|
|
witchcraft
|
an inborn, involuntary, and often unconscious capacity to cause harm to other people
|
|
|
Sara Good
|
penny-less, beggar, broken(hunchback)
|
|
|
Bridget Bishop
|
wandered around in a red bodice, walking poster girl, whore
|
|
|
Betty Paris
|
preachers' daughter, went into trances and shouted weird things
|
|
|
Abbie Williams
|
crawled around the house like a dog and barked, stomped like a child a lot
|
|
|
Salem Witchtrials
|
19 people were hung and 1 was tortured to death
|
|
|
The theories for why the women and girls might have acted in the manners that they did
|
1- Possession
2- Possession by fear 3- Actress 4- Mass Hysteria 5- Tainted by fungus in the bread |
|
|
These trials came at a time of social strain
|
1- Power struggle between the King and colonial Puritans
2- Epidemic 3- Indian Wars 4- Clash between merchants |
|
|
Qualities of the witches
|
the women were over 40, abrasive and quarrelsome, social misfits some way or another, healers or midwives, childless, broke the mold, 16 out of the 20 accused were women, many were fatherless
|
|
|
Why might the people ave accused these people?
|
there was a social strain and they needed to find a scapegoat to put all their problems onto
|
|
|
Play
|
unnecessary and free action, outside normal life, limited time, rules, chance or luck
|
|
|
Leisure
|
lacks rules and boundaries
|
|
|
Games
|
models OF cultures (what things are valued) - models FOR cultures (teaches us to be members of society)
|
|
|
Socialization
|
how children learn to become part of a society
|
|
|
Games are....
|
peaceful and teaches group commitment
|
|
|
zero sum competition
|
-winner = +1
= 0 Sum -loser = -1 |
|
|
Expressive Culture
|
1- Emotions
2- Ideas |
|
|
Permanent Body Decorations and Adornment
|
scars, tattoos, breast and other implants, liposuction
|
|
|
Temporary Body Art
|
piercings, lipstick and other makeup
|
|
|
what can art show you?
|
what is important to a people and the sociey they live in
|
|
|
Art: Egalitarian Society
|
-Repetition of simple element
-Much empty or irrelevant space -Symmetrical design -Unenclosed figures |
|
|
Art: Sratified Society
|
-Integration of unlike element
-Little empty space -Asymmetrical design -Enclosed figures |
|
|
ethnomusicology
|
anthropologists looking at music
|
|
|
meaningless sound
|
our: -clear annunciationg-clarity
-wordiness songs, repetition simpler: -just the sound of sound that's nice -don't make much sense |
|
|
Elaboration of song parts
|
our: same melody, sung in unison
simpler: prestigious person sings by himself, and then everyone else joins him |
|
|
Polyphones
|
matrilineal: women do most of the singing, different melody
patrilineal: men do most of the singing, same melody all the way through |
|
|
Harmony
|
blending of tone and rhythm
|
|
|
Rhythm and beat
|
our: steady all the way through
simpler: not as many notes |
|
|
Tonal Range
|
more stress: range between notes is larger
less stress: the notes' range is less drastic and they are closer together |
|
|
Voice quality
|
our: individualistic
simpler: competition, aggressiveness, raspy |
|
|
Common themes that permeate throughout nursery rhymes and folklore
|
1- Worldwide catastrophe
2- Monster slaying 3- Incest 4- Sibling Rivalry 5- Castration |
|
|
Folklore
|
distinguishes between the rich and the poor and how they make up and view stories
|
|
|
nursery rhymes
|
came from England, gives cultural unity, allows tremendous creativity
|
|
|
tale
|
creative narrative
|
|
|
Basis for Culture Change
|
1- Discovery
2- Innovation or Invention 3- Diffusion |
|
|
Discovery
|
things have always been around, but people discover then at different times
|
|
|
Innovation
|
combining one or two things to become something new-also happens w/words-intentional and unconscious inventions
|
|
|
Diffusion
|
cultures that come together and form new ideas
|
|
|
direct contact
|
person to person to person
|
|
|
intermediate
|
A takes from B and gives to C
|
|
|
stimulus
|
you get the idea and come up w/something new
|
|
|
globalization
|
the intensifying flow of capital goods people and images and ideas around the world
|
|
|
change 2 dynamics
|
time-reduced to a fraction
space-reduced to a fraction |
|
|
acculturation
|
A and B come into contact - because of this A will change, B will change or both with change
|
|
|
assimilation
|
A~B-B~A = A`
|
|
|
fusion
|
A~B-B~A = C
|
|
|
pluralism (composite society)
|
A~B-B~A = A`and B`
|
|
|
syncretism
|
mixing of separate traditions
|
|
|
missionaries (fallacies)
|
1- they always have the ability to say no
2- it's only flowing one way 3- direct connection change 4- cultures want to resist change |
|
|
globalization and human rights
|
everybody has the right to speak there own language and wear what they want to wear and what not
|
|
|
ethnoside
|
the deliberate destruction of cultural rights
|
|
|
genocide
|
slaughter of a different people than your own
|
|
|
cosmopolitan
|
feeling at ease in almost any setting that you are in
|
