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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Antropology?
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The entire sope of the human experience, past and present.
It brings multiple perspectives to bear on the study of all aspects of what it is to be human. |
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Explain the bio cultural approach to anthropology.
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Humans are the product of the combined influences of biology and culture (shaping our evolutionary history over the last several million years).
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Why is culture such a large topic in anthropology?
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Because of culture we have become a threat to many life forms including our selfs. Since culture can be described as the strategy people use in adapting to the natural and social environments in which they live, it is similar to evolution (the main study in anthropology).
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Enculturation
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Who you are is made up of your environment and not your race.
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Evolution
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Can be new species formation but is also a change in the genetic makeup of a population from one generation to the next.
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Microevolution
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Just a change in traits
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Macroevolution or Speciation
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Long-term genetic change that does lead to the appearance of a new species.
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Cultural Anthropology
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The study of all aspects of human behavior.
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Ethnographies
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The study and systematic recordings of human cultures
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Urban Anthropology
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Subfield of cultural anthropology that deals with issues of inner cities.
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Medical Anthropology
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Subfield of cultural anthropology that explores the relationship between carious cultural attributes and health and disease. Most of their training is in physical anthropology.
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Physical Anthropology
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The study of human biology within the framework of evolution and with an emphasis on the interaction between biology and culture.
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Paleoanthropology
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the study of human evolution, particularly as revealed in the fossil record. ( a major subfield of Physical Anthropology)
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Anthropometry
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The study of human body measurements especially on a comparative basis. Subfield of Physical Anthropology
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It would be impossible to study evolutionary processes without an understanding of what?
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Genetic principles.
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What do Molecular anthropologists do?
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They use cutting-edge technologies to investigate evolutionary relationships between human populations as well as between humans and nonhuman primates.
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Primatology
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The study of nonhuman primates.
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Primate Paleontology
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The study of the primate fossil record.
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Osteology
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The study of the skeleton and is central to physical anthropology.
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Paleopathology
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Is a prominent subfield that investigates the prevalence of trauma, certain infectious diseases (syphilis and tuberculosis), nutritional deficiencies, and many other conditions that may leave evidence in bone.
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Forensic Anthropology
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Directly related to osteology and paleopathology. Technically, this approach is the application of anthropological (usually osteological and sometimes archaeological) techniques to legal issues.
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Archaeology
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A body of methods designed to understand the human past through the examination and study of its material remains. (artifacts)
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Anthropological archaeology
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Refers to the application of archaeological methods to the understanding of the origins and diversity of modern humans.
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Prehistory
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The time before writing
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Historical archaeologist study what?
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the record of past cultures that left written evidence.
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Bioarchaeologists
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Examine human skeletal remains for the overall health status, diet, and physical traits of ancient individuals.
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What happens in archaeometry?
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Archaeologists work with physicists, chemists, engineers, and other scientists to apply the methods and techniques of their respective disciplines to the analysis of ancient materials.
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Public archaeology
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Reach out to communities and involve wider audiences through education and the media.
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Linguistic Anthropology
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The study of human speech and language. (the origin of and specific languages)
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Science
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A process of understanding phenomena through observation, generalization, verification, and refutation.
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Hypothesis
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A provisional explanation of some aspect of the natural world.
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How is a theory created.
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Through the scientific method when a hypothesis becomes very well accepted and hasn't been proven false.
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Give a short summary of Chapter 1.
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In chapter one the authors introduce the fields of physical anthropology and archaeology and tie them back to anthropology in general.
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