Anthropology Ch. 1

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anthropology

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the study of all aspects of humankind - biological, cultural, and linguistic; extant and extinct - employing an all-encompassing holistic approach

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physical/biological anthropology

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a subdiscipline of anthropology that views humans as biological organisms; also known as physical anthropology

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cultural anthropology

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a sub-discipline of anth that emphasizes nonbiological aspects: the learned social, linguistic, technological, and familial behaviors of humans

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participant observation

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the primary strategy of cultural anthropology in which data are gathered by questioning and observing people while the observer lives in their society

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ethnographers

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anthropologists who study one culture and write detailed descriptions of that culture's traditions, customs, religion, social and political organization, and so on

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ethnographies

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the descriptions of cultures written by ethnographers

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linguistic anthropology

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sub-discipline of anth. that focuses on human language: its diversity in grammar, syntax, and lexicon: its historical development; and its relation to a culture's perception of the world

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archaeology

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the study of the past through the systematic recovery and analysis of material remains

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Frank Boas

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1854-1942: "father of anthropology"
Native German originally studying the physics of ice and become more interested in his Eskimo leaders. Developed the concept of Ethnocentrism realizing that the Eskimos thought they were superior to his German culture. started the 1st anth dept. in 1888 Massachusets

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ethnocentrism

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the attitude or belief that one's own culture is superior to any other