Anthropology

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cultural contruction of reality

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implies that different people do not percieve the human and natural worlds in the same way

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norms

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standard of what is appropriate

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values

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beliefs about what is worthwhile

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classifications

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divisions of reality into catergories and subcatergories

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biological determinism

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the idea that biologically inhearited differences between populations are important influences on cultural differences between them

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cultural knowledge

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the attidtudes, ideas, beliefs,values, standards, and other info stored in peoples heads

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role

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describes intereactions and relationships in a context of a group

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symbol

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something that represents something else

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classifications of reality

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way in which the members of a culture divide up the natural and social world into named catergories

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cultural identity

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recognize yourslef as a culture

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society

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a territorally defined population where most members speak the same language and share a sense of common identity relative to other societies

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cultural integration

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the various elements of culture fit together in a more or less coherent way

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patterns of behavior

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what people do most of the time when they're in similar situations

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enculturation/socialization

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when infants and children learn the culture around them

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cultural identity

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how you identify with a culture

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anthropology

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academic discipline that studies all of humanity from a broad perspective

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archaeology

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the investigation of past cultures through excavation of material remains

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prehistoric archaeology

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investigates cultures that exhisted before the development of writing

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historic archeaology

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investigates cultures that exhisted after the develepment of writing

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biological/physical anthropology

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studies the biological dimensions of humans and other primates

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primatology

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study of primates including monkeys and apes" subfield of biological anthropology

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human variation

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refers to physical differences between human populations

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paleoanthropology

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physical anthropology that specializes in the investigaion of the biological evolution of humans

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forensic anthropology

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physical anthropology that identifies and analyzes human skeletal remains

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cultural anthropology

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studies the way of life of contemporary and historically recent human populations

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fieldwork

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ethnograpic research that involves observing and interviewing the members of a culture to describe their contemporay way of life

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anthropological linguistics

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subfield that focuses on the interrealtionships between language and other aspects of a peoples' culture

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applied anthropology

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subfield whose practioners use anthopological methods, theories, and concepts, to solve real world problems;

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globalization

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the process of integrating the world peoples into a single world system of community

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holisitic perpective

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the assumption that any aspect of a culture is integrated with other aspects, so that no dimension of a culture can be understood in isolation

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comparative perspective

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the insistence by anthropologists that valid hypotheses and theories about humanity be tested with information from a wide range of cultures

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cultural relativism

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the notion that one should not judge the behavior of other peoples using the standards of one's own culture

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ethnocentrism

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the attitude or opinion that the morals, values, and customs, of one's own culture are superior to those of other peoples