Anthropology

Front 1

As humans organize their lives and adapt to different environments, our abilities to learn, think symbolically, use language, and employ tools and other products:

Back 1

rest on certain features of human biology that make culture, which is not itself biological, possible.

Front 2

All the following statements are correct about Anthropology:

Back 2

*Anthropology deals with major questions about past and present human existence.

*Anthropology is a uniquely comparative holistic science.

*The focus of Anthropology goes beyond the study fossils and non-industrial societies.

Front 3

What is true about the four fields studied in Anthropology?

Back 3

*Socio-cultural anthropologists seek generalizations, based on fieldwork data that can explain human behavior in society

*Linguistic and kinship studies can work together in order to better understand cultural systems

*Plant and animal remains and ancient garbage help archaeologists to better understand about consumption related to pre-historic societies

Front 4

Reflecting today’s world, in which people, images, and information move about as never before, fieldwork must be more flexible and on a larger scale. The result of such fieldwork is often an ethnography that:

Back 4

is increasingly multi-sited and multi-timed, integrating analyses of external organizations and forces to understand local phenomena.

Front 5

Regarding the most significant schools of thought in anthropological theory, choose the correct answer:

Back 5

Lewis H. Morgan’s brand of evolutionism is known as unilinear evolutionism, because he assumed that there was one line or path which all societies had to evolve.

Front 6

For millions of years the sole basis of human subsistence was based on:

Back 6

Foraging

Front 7

Recent research on the origins of language suggests that a key mutation might have something to do with it. Comparing chimp and human genomes, it appears that:

Back 7

the speech-friendly form of FOXP2 took hold in humans some 150,000 years ago, thus conferring selective advantages (linguistic and cultural abilities) that allowed those who had it to spread it, at the expense of those who did not.

Front 8

What right do ethnographers have to represent a people or culture to which they don’t belong? This question illustrates:

Back 8

anthropology’s crisis in representation—questions about the role of the ethnographer and the nature of ethnographic authority.

Front 9

Considering the similarities and differences between Anthropology and Sociology, all statements are correct:

Back 9

*Initially sociologists focused on the industrial West and anthropologists on nonindustrial societies.

*Sociologists came to rely on surveys and quantitative data and anthropologists were more focused in engaging people and using qualitative data collection methods.

*More recently anthropology and sociology are converging in many aspects.

Front 10

Regarding the scientific method presented in Chapter 1, what step of the process can be associated with a setof logically connected ideas formulated to explain a particular phenomenon?

Back 10

Theory

Front 11

Despite the variety of research techniques that the ethnographer may utilize in the field, in the best studies the hallmark of ethnography remains:

Back 11

entering the community and getting to know its people.

Front 12

The characteristics of culture:

Back 12

* Culture can be taught directly and acquired through observation.

*Culture can be absorbed unconsciously.

* The process by which a child learns his or her culture is called enculturation.

Front 13

The process by which a child learns his or her culture is called enculturation:

Back 13

*Flags

*Currency

*Works of art

Front 14

Which of the following statement about applied anthropology is:

Back 14

*In the early application of anthropological knowledge, anthropology was attached to the colonial perspective and there was no major concern to improve local peoples’ quality of life.

*Applied anthropologists constantly have to face ethical questions, because not always do they solve problems for clients who are poor or powerless.

*During the Second World War American anthropologists studied the German and Japanese cultures in an attempt to predict the next steps and reactions of the enemies of the United States.

Front 15

Phonemics

Back 15

the study of the basic sounds that differentiate meaning within a given language

Front 16

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Back 16

different languages produce different ways of thinking

Front 17

Noam Chomsky theory

Back 17

the human brain contains a limited set of rules to organize language

Front 18

Phonetics

Back 18

general study of the speech and the sounds in various languages

Front 19

Choose the statement that best explains why culture is integrated:

Back 19

if one part of the system changes, other parts change as well.

Front 20

Cultural traits can be expressed following the patterns of universality, generality and particularity:

Back 20

Religion; nuclear family; caste systems.