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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ANTHROPOLOGY
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interested in shared and learned behavior;
concerned with human culture diversity and variation; challenges assumptions we take for granted as "common sense" or "natural"; interested in social norms and cultural principles; |
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ETHNOGRAPHY
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A detailed qualitative account of the results of ethnographic fieldwork
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FOUR FIELDS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
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archaeology;
biological anthropology; linguistic anthropology; sociocultural anthropology |
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SOCIOCULTURAL EVOLUTIONISM
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Narrative of process;
The place of “primitive” people: to stand in as the living history/prehistory of the European gentleman; The production of national consciousness; The result of colonial power |
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COMPARATIVE METHOD
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•Studied the customs of “primitive” people as if they represent various chronological stages of universal human history
•Assumed that similar ethnological phenomena must have developed for the same cause •Assumed that the sameness of ethnological phenomena found in diverse region is proof that the human mind obeys the same laws everywhere (growing concern) |
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HISTORICAL METHOD
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•Study the customs in their relation to the total culture of the people practicing them
•Understand each culture with its own history before trying to come up with a grand theory of human history |
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FIELDWORK
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An interactive approach in which the anthropologist studies a group of people in their own environment by living with them and participating their daily lives
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ALLOCHRONISM
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the denial of the fact that people we study inhabit the same time as we do
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HOW HAS ANTHROPOLOGY CHANGE?
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The unit of inquiry;
The subject; The questions |
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CULTURE IN AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGY
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1.Cultural traits need to be understood within total culture
2.The world is made up of cultures with plural histories 3.A culture needs to be understood “in its own terms” |
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RACE
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A classification of human groups based on selected criteria that try to correlate physical forms with mental traits, temperaments, and behaviors
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FUNCTIONALISM
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explains how social institutions (kinship, economy, rituals, education, army, ect.) work to sustain either basic individual physiological and psychological needs, or to maintain the society as a whole
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COMING OF AGE RITE
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a ritual or a series of rituals that mark the transition from adolescence to adulthood
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CULTURE
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a more or less consistent pattern of thought and action
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