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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hominins (archaic humans) in Asia |
H. erectus (or ergaster):first hominin to enterAsia (1-2 mya) Specimens (partial) &artifacts Recovered in China & Indonesia“Peking Man” (Zhoukoudian,China) “Java Man” (Indonesia) |
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Zhoukoudian Site (China) |
H. erectus (“Peking Man”) Dozens of specimens UNESCO World Heritage site Animal remains, thousands ofstone tools 700,000 to 200,000 BP |
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Anatomically Modern Humans in E Asia |
Fuyan Cave, southern China 80,000 BP or older 120 kya 47 AMH teeth Among oldest for AMH outside of Africa 30-70k years earlier than in Europe |
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Tam Pa Ling site |
AMH in SE Asia Fossil remains in Laos 63,000 BP (max age of dating bone) |
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Neandertals (H. neanderthalensis) |
c. 400,000 to 30,000 BP Mostly Europe, western Asia Behaviorally, much like AMH Sophisticated tools, hunting, symbolic ornaments,burying of dead |
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Multiregional Evolution |
Multiregional H. erectus into Eurasia ~1-2 mya Archaic humans AMH in ea. region Gene flow |
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Replacement: Out of Africa |
Replacement : Out of Africa AMH: Africa origins ~200 kya Migrated out, replacing premodernpopulations in Europe and Asia No gene flow |
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Assimilation Model |
1. Combines two models – more complete picture 2.African origin of Homo sapiens, but with interbreedingw/pre-existing inhabitants 3. DNA increasingly important |
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What does the new data sat about DNA? |
DNA analysis:admixture/interbreeding |
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Vindija Cave |
Bones Croatia 40,000 BP Genome sequenced, mostly Vindija material Genomes (some modern people) derived fromNeandertals BUT, sample size small, more data needed |
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Denisova Cave |
Altai Mountains (Siberia, Russia) Bone (juvenile’s finger), tooth ofanother individual Stratigraphic layer: c.50,000 Contemporaneous w/ Neandertals & AMH Artifacts typical of AMH & earlier hominins BUT, genetic analysis shows different species |
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"Assimilation" models |
Into Asia ~125-65 kya• Multiple routes possible Southern coastal, northern, others Late Pleistocene – into N. America |
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Liang Bua Cave site |
Late Pleistocene Cave use c. 190,000-50,000 BP Artifacts (flakes, hafted points): Adults ~3 ft. tall (380 cc brain size,compared to 1300 cc for AMH) |
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Homo floresiensis |
Nicknamed “hobbit” Ongoing debates/research: Original arrival – how/when? Separate species? Descendant of H.erectus or H. habilis? Overlap and/or interactions w/ AMH,Denisovans? Earliest AMH on Flores 11,000 BP, thoughearlier in SE Asia/Australia AMH role in disappearance? |
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Mata Menge Site |
(Flores) c. 700,000 BP Jaw, teeth, stone tools Ancestors of “hobbits”? Species ID hard to say – needother skeletal remains Even smaller than “hobbits” Research ongoing |
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Sunda |
Mainland SE Asia& Sumatra,Borneo, Java |
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Sahul |
Australia, NewGuinea, Tasmania |
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Wallace Line |
ecozone boundary Distinct speciesplants/animals |
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Lake Mungo |
c. 50,000-30,000 BP Lake Mungo Woman – cremation burial, red ochre Some of the oldest sites |
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Behavioral Modernity |
“Modern” humans & recent ancestors Distinct from other living primates & extinct hominins(?) Complex symbolic thought, creative cultural expression Associated w/ origins of language? Earliest in Africa, then later in Europe/Asia and Australia |
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Behavioral "variability" |
more appropriate than "modernity" |
