Anthro 2

Front 1

Evolution

Back 1

1700's idea that biological species changed overtime

Front 2

Artifacts

Back 2

any object fastened or altered by humans; a form of material culture

Front 3

Site

Back 3

place containing archaelogical remains of previous human activity

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Fossil

Back 4

preserved remains of a plant or animal

Front 5

Types of Biological Anthroplogy

Back 5

Paleoanthro, Primatology, Forensic anthropology

-human genetics
-fossil record
-human evolution

Front 6

Paleoanthroplogy

Back 6

study of origins of the present human species

Front 7

Primatology

Back 7

study of living and fossil primates

Front 8

Forensic anthropology

Back 8

specializes in identification of human skeletal remains for legal purposes

Front 9

Key consultant

Back 9

person who provides you with information your trying to gain from within society

Front 10

Informal Interview

Back 10

an unstructured, open-ended conversation

Front 11

Eliciting Devices

Back 11

activities and objects used to draw out individuals to help them recall and explain

Front 12

Comte de Buffon

Back 12

uniformatarianismassumes that the same natural laws and processes that operate in the universe now, have always operated in the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe. It is frequently summarized as "the present is the key to the past," because it holds that all things continue as they were from the beginning of the world.

Front 13

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Back 13

studied inheritance in giraffes. thought short necked giraffes had to will themselves to have longer necks which they could pass on. No theory of extinction.

Front 14

Charles Darwin

Back 14

All species have displayed variation and the ability to expand

Front 15

heterozygous

Back 15

a chromosome pair with different alleles

Front 16

homozygous

Back 16

a chromosome pair with identical alleles

Front 17

DNA

Back 17

complex genetic material that instructs the synthesis of proteins

Front 18

Hugo de Vries

Back 18

discovered chromosomes which are visible during cell divison containing long strands of DNA combined with a protein.

Provided a visible vehicle for transmission of traits proposed in Mendel's law.

Front 19

Alleles

Back 19

alternate forms of a single gene

Front 20

Cell Divison

Back 20

In order to maintain health, cells divide and create new cells which is initiated when chromosomes replicate

Front 21

Meiosis

Back 21

cell division that produces sex cells, each of which has half the number of chromosomes found in other cells

Front 22

Archaelogy

Back 22

studies human cultural past and reconstructs past cultural systems

-tool use

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Cultural resource management

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concerned /w survey and/or excavation of archaeological and historical remains threatened by construction of development and policy surrounding protection of cultural resources

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4 Subfields of Archaeology

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Cultural;Linguistic;Physical;Archaeological

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Linguistic Anthropology

Back 25

describes the characteristics of human language and studies the relationship between languages and the cultures that speak them

-endangered languages
-identity
language/context meaning

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Sociolinguistics

Back 26

how a society uses a language

Front 27

Hypothesis

Back 27

a proposed explanation accounting for a set of facts that can be tested by further investigation

Front 28

Theory

Back 28

A general idea that explains a large set of factual patterns

Front 29

Gregor Mendel

Back 29

Law of segregation: units controlling the expression of visible traits come in pairs, one from each parent, and retain their specific identities

Law of independent assortment: two traits aren't connected

Front 30

Genetic Drift

Back 30

refers to change of fluctuations of alleles frequencies of the gene pool of a population

Front 31

Founder effect

Back 31

Particular type of genetic drift that occurs when populations are split into several different groups

Front 32

Natural selection

Back 32

Evolutionary process through which genetic variation at the population level is shaped to fit local environmental situations.

Front 33

Comparative Method

Back 33

Making broad comparisons among people and cultures past and present, related species, and fossil groups

Front 34

Ethnocentrism

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a belief in the inherent superiority of ones own ethnic group or culture

Front 35

Fieldwork

Back 35

on location research

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Cultural Anthropology

Back 36

focuses on human cultural behavior and cultural systems and the variation in cultural expressions among human groups.

-religion
-cultural health
-sports
-poverty
-media
-kinship

Front 37

Medical Cultural Anthropology

Back 37

look at approaches from cultural and biological anthropology to study human health and disease

Front 38

Empirical

Back 38

explores information gained through experience, observation, and experiment

Front 39

Scientific

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gathers observable data, measurable evidence, and formulates/tests hypothesis

Front 40

Humanistic

Back 40

focuses on human values and concerns

Front 41

Applied Anthropology

Back 41

the use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems often for a specific client

involves collaboration with communities in order to set goals, solve problems, and conduct research together

Front 42

Sexual Reproduction

Back 42

type of cell divison that produces sex cells

Front 43

Mutation

Back 43

Ultimate source of evolutionary change. May arise when cell division makes copying mistake.

Front 44

Gene flow

Back 44

Introduction of new alleles from nearby populations of the same species

Front 45

Holistic

Back 45

assuming an interrelationship among the parts of a subject

Front 46

Bio-Cultural

Back 46

focusing on the interaction of biology and culture

Front 47

Cultural Relativity

Back 47

Studying another culture from its point of view without imposing our own cultural values