Anthro 167 Final Exam Terms

Front 1

Wirth's 3 characteristics of urban life

Back 1

1. size of population aggregate
2. density
3. heterogeneity

Front 2

ethnography (Malinowski)

Back 2

empirical and descriptive results of the science of man, research goes to an individual place and immerses herself in the culture there, finds patterns, systems that organize human life and behavior

Front 3

ethnology (Malinowski)

Back 3

speculative and comparative theories, aggregating data from around the world into laws about humankind (armchair anthropology)

Front 4

positionality

Back 4

theoretical filters, backgrounds, experiences that act as a prism through which we perceive and judge events and other people, inherent subjectivity to human nature that problematizes whether or not ethnography can be truly objective

Front 5

settlement house (Whyte)

Back 5

community based organization, gov't gives money to establish institutions for "higher class" people of the yankee race who help with upward mobility of suitable urban youth, trying to help pull people out of poverty/slums

Front 6

ideology (Willis)

Back 6

interests of the ruling class that circulate in institutions like schools, workplaces, etc. making full penetrations by socially oppressed less likely, pushing them away from true insight and collective action

Front 7

hegemony (Gramsci)

Back 7

an indirect form of rule or "soft power" whereby one social class manipulates a system of values, norms, ways of thinking to establish a ruling class worldview that justifies the status quo to other classes which become complicit in their own subjugation, painting social inequality as "natural" or "inevitable" order

Front 8

penetration (Willis)

Back 8

seeing behind dominant ideologies to the truth of one's condition, reality of one's social position

Front 9

limitation (Willis)

Back 9

cultural penetrations repressed, disorganized and prevented from reaching full potential or political articulation by deep, basic, disorienting divisions

Front 10

cultural capital

Back 10

non-financial social assets that promote social mobility beyond economic means

Front 11

accumulation by dispossession (Harvey)

Back 11

a process of displacement at the core of urbanization under capitalism, centralization of wealth/power in the hands of a few by stripping public of its wealth/land, result of neoliberal policies characteristics of today's global economy

Front 12

semiotics of public spaces (Davis)

Back 12

study of meaning and the way that meaning is created through experiences, in this case way that physical spaces read and experienced by particular people based on social position

Front 13

commodity fetishism

Back 13

belief in intrinsic value of inanimate object, though value truly comes from act of human labor, mystification of commodities masks how things are produced, commodities becomes objectified expressions of relationships btwn ppl

Front 14

imagined communities (Anderson)

Back 14

nation as socially constructed community, imagined by the people who perceive themselves as part of that group

Front 15

imagination as social practice (Appadurai)

Back 15

what we imagine to be true can become our lived experience, reality

Front 16

scapes

Back 16

complicated tides and undertows of people, technology, capital, media representations, ideologies that concurrently link and divide regions of the globe

Front 17

multi-sited ethnography

Back 17

using traditional methodology in various locations both spatially and temporally, gain greater insight into the impact of world systems on local and global communities, break from traditional fieldwork to fit postmodern condition

Front 18

Modernization Theory

Back 18

popular early post-WWII period, ppl in poor countries will abandon old customs, adopt new values (democracy, liberalization, individualism) as incomes increase, will eventually catch up to Western phase of advanced, industrialized economic and cultural modes of life

Front 19

The Iron Rice Bowl

Back 19

a Maoist promise of guaranteed food, housing, medical benefits for life, everything needed for a basic level of comfort in exchange for working a job assigned to you bureaucratically

Front 20

The Rice Bowl of Youth

Back 20

possibility of new career trajectories for young ppl esp. young women brought on by explosion of consumption in China with market oriented reforms, new parts of economy opening up w/ need for young labor (seen as category of privilege)