Anthro 110 Test 2 Primate Evolution

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Cenozoic Era

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65 million years ago; known as the Age of Mammals

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Pleistocene Epoch

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defined as the time period that began about 1.8 million years ago; Ice age

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Pliocene Epoch

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5 million years ago; forming of mountains, cooling climate and more larger mammals

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Miocene Epoch

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25 Million years ago; appearance of grazing animals

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Oligocene Epoch

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35 Million years ago; appearance of sabertoothed cats

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Eocene Epoch

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55 million years ago; major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the Cenozoic Era

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Paleocene Epoch

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65 million years ago; first epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era.

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Mesozoic Era

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225 Million years ago

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Paleozoic Era

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570 million years ago

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Chronometric Dating

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A dating technique that gives an estimate in actual numbers of years; "Absolute dating"

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Radioactive Isotope

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is an atom with an unstable nucleus, characterized by excess energy available to be imparted either to a newly created radiation particle within the nucleus or via internal conversion.

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Half life

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The time period in which one half the amount of a radioactive isotope is converted chemically to a daughter product

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K/Ar

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radiometric dating method used in geochronology and archaeology

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Plate Tectonics

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a scientific theory that the Earth's surface is made of very large sections that move very slowly

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Continental Drift

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The movement of continents on sliding plates of the earths surface

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Pangaea

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hypothetical continent including all the landmass of the earth prior to the Triassic period when it split into Laurasia and Gondwanaland

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Laurasia

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hypothetical continent that broke up later into North America and Europe and Asia

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Gondwanaland

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hypothetical continent that broke up later into India and Australia and Africa and South America and Antarctica

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Paleogeography

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study of geographical features at particular times in the geological past.

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Plesiadapiforms; 3 families

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Plesiadapiformes is an extinct order of mammals. It is either closely related to the primates or a precursor to them

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Purgatoridae

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genus of the four extinct species believed to be the earliest example of a proto-primate, a Plesiadapiformes, dating to as old as 65 million years ago.

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Carpolestidae

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primate-like Plesiadapiformes that were prevalent in North America and Asia from the mid Paleocene through the early Eocene

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Pleasiadapiform Features

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Rodent-like, no post orbital bar, diastema, large incisors, long snout, claws

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Euprimates

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A primate is a mammal of the order Primates, which contains prosimians and simians.

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Euprimates Features

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no Diastema, larger brains, shorter snouts, nails, divergent 1st digits

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Adapoids

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family of extinct primates that primarily radiated during the Eocene epoch between about 55 and 34 million years ago

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Omomyoids

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extinct tiny nocturnal lower primates that fed on fruit and insects; abundant in North America and Europe 30 to 50 million years ago

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Adapoids Types

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Cantis, Adapis, Notharctus

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Omomyoids Types

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Telihardina

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Fayum Depression

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basin in the desert immediately to the west of the Nile south of Cairo.

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Aegyptoithecus

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means Egyptian Primate

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Early Miocene Primate

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Proconsul

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Middle-Late Miocene Apes

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Dryopithecus, Sivapithecus, Gigantopithecus

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Y-5 Dental Pattern

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Molar that has fave cusps with grooves running between them, forming a Y shape. Hominid characteristic

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Branisella

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extinct genus of New World monkey from the Salla formation of what is now Bolivia during the late Oligocene, approximately 26 million years ago. It is the oldest fossil New World Monkey discovered.