Anthro 101 Exam 2

Front 1

Interested in the whole of the human condition: past, present, and future; biology, society, language, and culture

Back 1

holism

Front 2

worship of an eternal, omniscient, and omnipresent supreme being

Back 2

monotheism

Front 3

belief in several deities who control aspects of nature

Back 3

polytheism

Front 4

social movements that occur in times of change, in which religious leaders emerge and undertake to alter or revitalize a society

Back 4

revitalization movements

Front 5

variety of plural marriage in which a woman has more than one husband

Back 5

polyandry

Front 6

custom by which a widow marries the brother of her deceased husband

Back 6

levirate

Front 7

unilineal descent group based on stipulated descent

Back 7

clan

Front 8

unilineal descent rule in which people join the father’s group automatically at birth and stay members throughout life

Back 8

patrilineal descent

Front 9

an interrelated constellation of patrilineality, patrilocality, warfare, and male supremacy

Back 9

patrilineal-patrilocal complex

Front 10

customary residence with the husband’s relatives after marriage, so that children grow up in their father’s community

Back 10

patrilocality

Front 11

variety of plural marriage in which a man has more than one wife

Back 11

polygyny

Front 12

custom by which a widower marries the sister of the deceased wife

Back 12

sororate

Front 13

sexual relations with a close relative

Back 13

incest

Front 14

prohibition backed by supernatural sanctions

Back 14

taboo

Front 15

unilineal descent group based on demonstrated descent

Back 15

lineage

Front 16

people who use a food-producing strategy of adaptation based on care of herds of domesticated animals

Back 16

pastoralists

Front 17

nonindustrial system of plant cultivation in which plots lie fallow for varying lengths of time

Back 17

horticulture

Front 18

nonindustrial system of plant cultivation characterized by continuous and intensive use of land and labor

Back 18

agriculture

Front 19

argument for the historic and contemporary social, political, and economic significance of an identifiable global system, based on wealth and power differentials, that extends beyond individual countries

Back 19

world-system theory

Front 20

dominant structural position in the world system; consists of the strongest and most powerful states with advanced systems of production

Back 20

core

Front 21

weakest structural position in the world system

Back 21

periphery

Front 22

structural position in the world system intermediate between core and periphery

Back 22

semiperiphery

Front 23

culturally defined activities associated with the transition from one place or stage of life to another

Back 23

rites of passage

Front 24

the critically important marginal or in-between phase of a rite of passage

Back 24

liminality

Front 25

something, verbal or nonverbal, that arbitrarily and by convention stands for something else, with which it has no necessary or natural connection

Back 25

symbol

Front 26

belief in souls or doubles

Back 26

animism

Front 27

a part-time religious practitioner who mediates between ordinary people and supernatural beings and forces

Back 27

shaman

Front 28

organized life in groups; typical of humans and other animals

Back 28

society