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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is defined at obesity?
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a BMI of over 30
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What is BMI?
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a measure of an adult’s weight in relation to his or her height
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What is the trend in BMI rates?
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Rapid climb in obesity rates from 1980’s
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Define Nutrition.
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the science of practice of taking in and utilizing foods
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Define Macronutrients, and name them.
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Nutrients required in large quantities, usually:
Carbohydrates Proteins Fats |
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What are Carbohydrates?
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mainly sugars and starches
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What are Proteins?
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a large molecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids
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What are Fats?
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total fat: the sum of saturated, monosaturated, and polyunsaturated; In chemistry, a compound formed form chemicals called fatty acids;
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Define Micronutrients, and name them.
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Micronutrients - Nutrients required in small quantities, including vitamins and minerals
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What is the Paleolithic diet/caveman diet ?
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pre-agricultural diet, would not have been high in carbs or fats, likened to mediterranean and east asian diets (mostly vegetables); high in fiber and high in protein (hunting and nuts)
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What are the differences between Paleolithic people and people now?
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paleolithic people were taller and leaner, and stronger (based on bone density) than us, which is evidence of nutrition but also of physical activity; people then actually ate more calories then than we do now, a reflection of physical activity
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What determines height?
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mostly heritable, but also related to nutrition (looked at Mayans who grew up in different areas and looked at height differences)
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Who has the tallest people and why?
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tallest people in the world are the dutch, not because of diets but because of nationalized health care (particularly when children are really young); so nutrition and heredity not the only factor but policy as well
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What is Nutritionism?
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ideology that the key to understanding food is the nutrients
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Why can't our bodies deal with high fructose corn syrup?
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Bodies can’t deal with high fructose corn syrup because we didn’t hyperprocess it into that form until fairly recently so our bodies haven’t evolved to know what to do with it
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What are Pollan's 9 suggestions for healthier living?
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1. Eat food (don’t eat anything you great-great grandmother wouldn’t recognize)
this mainly refers to overprocessed foods 2. Avoid food products that come bearing health claims 3. Avoid food products containing unfamiliar, unpronounceable ingredients 4. Get out of the supermarkets and into a farmer’s market 5. Pay more, eat less In US tend to pay much less for food as a portion of our income 6. Eat mostly plants, especially leaves 7. Eat more like someone from outside the US! East asian diets, mediterranean diets; eat less 8.Cook 9. Eat like an omnivore |
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What has Nutritionism caused?
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a focus on nutritionism has led us to overlook ecology and culture related to food
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When were food labels mandated? When did they come about?
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1990, and 1993
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What are Calories?
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unit of energy; most of us think of calories as something that needs to be minimized
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What is geophagy?
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earth-eating; eating dirt; done all over the world
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What is Pica?
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a craving for a nonfood substance such as dirt, paint, or clay
US – white dirt |
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In the US who craves to eat dirt?
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In the US, studies in MS and MD found that people who were iron-deficiencies had cravings to eat earth
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Where in the US is diabetes increasing?
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South and East
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