Anterior Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region- Nbde I

Front 1

What are the layers of the abdominal wall? (6)

Back 1

1. Skin
2. Subcutaneous Fascia:
-Superficial layer: Camper's fascia
-Deep layer: Scarpa's fascia
3. Muscular layer & fascia
4. Transversalis fascia
5. Preperitoneal fat
6. Peritoneum

Front 2

The thin, fatty layer of the superficial fascia is known as?

Back 2

Camper's fascia

Front 3

The membranous layer of the superficial fascia is known as?

Back 3

Scarpa's fascia

Front 4

Scarpa's fascia continues over pubis & perineum as the membranous layer of superficial perineal fascia known as?

Back 4

Colles' fascia

Front 5

Tendinous median raphe between 2 rectus abdominis muscles, extending from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

Back 5

Linea Alba

Front 6

What are the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall? (4)

Back 6

1. External oblique
2. Internal oblique
3. Transversus abdominis
4. Rectus abdominis

Front 7

What are the contents of the Rectus Sheath? (7)

Back 7

1. Rectus abdominis
2. Intercostal nerves T7-T11
3. Subcostal nerve (T12)
4. Superior epigastric artery & vein
5. Intercostal arteries
6. Inferior epigastric artery & vein
7. Pyramidalis

Front 8

Curved line along lateral border of rectus abdominis

Back 8

Linea semilunaris

Front 9

Crescent-shaped line marking inferior limit of posterior layer of rectus sheath just below level of iliac crest

Back 9

Linea semicircularis (Arcuate line)

Front 10

The most inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis thickens & folds over itself forming?

Back 10

Inguinal ligament (Poupart's ligament)

Front 11

Which ligament extends between anterior-superior illiac spine & pubic tubercle?

Back 11

Inguinal ligament

Front 12

What represents the medial triangular expansion of inguinal ligament to the pectineal line of pubis?

Back 12

Lacunar ligament

Front 13

Strong fibrous band that extends laterally from lacunar ligament along the pectinal line of pubis

Back 13

Pectineal (Cooper's) ligament

Front 14

The neurovascular plane in anterior abdominal wall is located between?

Back 14

Internal oblique & transversus abdominis muscles

Front 15

Sickle-shaped peritoneal fold connecting liver to diaphragm & anterior abdominal wall?

Back 15

Falciform ligament

Front 16

What is contained within falciform ligament?

Back 16

Liamentum teres hepatitis & paraumbical vein

Front 17

The ligamentum teres hepatitis is a remnant of?

Back 17

umbilical vein

Front 18

What folds are found below the umbilicus of AAW?

Back 18

1. Median umbilical fold
2. Medial umbilical folds
3. Lateral umbilical folds

Front 19

The median umbilical fold contains?

Back 19

Obliterated urachus

Front 20

The medial umbilical folds contain?

Back 20

Obliterated umbilical arteries

Front 21

The lateral umbilical folds contain?

Back 21

Inferior epigastric vessels

Front 22

Depression on anterior abdominal wall between medial & median umbilical folds of peritoneum?

Back 22

Supravesical fossa

Front 23

Depression on anterior abdominal wall between medial & lateral umbilical folds of periotneum?

Back 23

Medial inguinal (umbilical) fossa

Front 24

Depression on anterior abdominal wall lateral to lateral umbilical fold of periotneum

Back 24

Lateral inguinal fossa

Front 25

What are the borders of Hesselbach's (Inguinal) Triangle?

Back 25

-Lateral : Inferior epigastric vessels
-Medial: Rectus abdominis (linea semilunaris)
-Inferior: Inguinal ligament

Front 26

Anterior layer of rectus sheath-- Above arcute line is formed of which aponeuroses?

Back 26

Anterior layer- above arcuate line:
1. External oblique
2. Internal oblique

Front 27

Anterior layer of rectus sheat-- below arcuate line-- is formed of which aponeuroses?

Back 27

Anterior layer- below arcuate line:
1. External oblique
2. Internal oblique
3. Transversus abdominis

Front 28

Posterior layer of rectus sheath --above arcuate line-- is formed of which aponeuroses?

Back 28

Posterior layer- above arcuate line:
1. Internal oblique
2. Transversus abdominis

Front 29

Posterior layer of rectus sheath-- below arcuate line-- is formed of which aponeuroses?

Back 29

Posterior layer-- below arcuate line:
1. Rectus abdominis in contact w/ transversalis fascia

Front 30

What makes up the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Back 30

Anterior : Aponeuroses of external & internal obliques

Front 31

What makes up the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Back 31

Posterior : Fascia transversalis

Front 32

What makes up the superior wall (roof) of the inguinal canal?

Back 32

Superior (Roof): Arching fibers of interinal oblique & transversus abdominus

Front 33

What makes up the inferior wall (floor) of the inguinal canal?

Back 33

Inferior (Floor): Inguinal & lacunar ligaments

Front 34

Where is the superficial (external) inguinal ring?

Back 34

Triangular opening in aponeurosis of EXTERNAL OBLIQUE muscle that lies lateral to pubic tubercule

Front 35

Where is the deep (internal) inguinal ring?

Back 35

Lies in TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA lateral to inferior epigastric vessels

Front 36

The inguinal canal begins & terminates where?

Back 36

Begins: deep (internal) ring
Ends: superficial (external) ring

Front 37

What is the spermatic cord composed of?

Back 37

Ductus deferens & associated neurovascular structures -- meet at deep inguinal ring

Front 38

The internal spermatic fascia is derived from which anterior abdominal wall fascia?

Back 38

Internal spermatic fascia = Transversalis fascia

Front 39

The cremasteric muscle & fascia is derived from which muscle of the anterior abdominal wall?

Back 39

Cremasteric muscle & fascia = Internal oblique muscle

Front 40

The external spermatic fascia is derived from which aponeurosis?

Back 40

External spermatic fascia = aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

Front 41

What are the contents of the spermatic cord? (6)

Back 41

1. Ductus deferens & its vessels
2. Testicular artery
3. Pampiniform plexus of veins
4. Autonomic nerves
5. Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
6. Obliterated processus vaginalis

Front 42

What is the cremasteric reflex?

Back 42

Lightly stroking skin on medial aspect of superior thigh results in rapid elevation of testis on same side

Front 43

Afferent (sensory) fibers travel via what branch of genitofemoral nerve?

Back 43

Afferent (sensory) -- Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve

Front 44

Efferent (motor) fibers travel via which branch of the genitofemoral nerve?

Back 44

Efferent (motor) --> Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

Front 45

Peritoneal diverticulum in fetus that evaginates into developing scortum & forms visceral & parietal layers of tunica vaginalis testis?

Back 45

Processus vaginalis testis

Front 46

Double serous membrane- peritoneal sac that covers front & sides of testis & epididymis

Back 46

Tunica vaginalis

Front 47

What forms the innermost layer of the scrotum?

Back 47

Tunica vaginalis

Front 48

Tunical vaginalis is derived from?

Back 48

Abdominal peritoneum

Front 49

What structure in the male is homologous to the ovarian ligament & round ligament of the uterus?

Back 49

Gubernaculum testis

Front 50

What is the most common hernia?

Back 50

Indirect inguinal hernia

Front 51

Where does an indirect inguinal hernia occur?

Back 51

Lateral inguinal fossa
-Leaves lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
-Begins at deep inguinal ring
-Descends into scrotum

Front 52

Which type of hernia is manly congenital?

Back 52

Indirect inguinal hernia-- can occur if processus vaginalis testis persists

Front 53

Where does direct inguinal hernia occur?

Back 53

Direct Inguinal hernia--Inguinal (Hesselbach's) triangle
-Medial to inferior epigastric vessels
-Lies outside of processus vaginalis parallel to spermatic cord
-Protudes to (not through) superficial ingual ring & doesn't descend into testes

Front 54

Which type of hernia is always acquired, but there are genetic factors that predispose?

Back 54

Direct inguinal hernia

Front 55

Which type of inguinal hernia has high risk of strangulation?

Back 55

Indirect inguinal hernia

Front 56

The left testicular vein drains to?

Back 56

Left renal vein

Front 57

The right testicular vein drains to?

Back 57

Inferior vena cava

Front 58

The lymphatic drainage of the testis is to?

Back 58

Para-aortic (lumbar) lymph nodes

Front 59

The lymphatic drainage of the scrotum is to?

Back 59

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Front 60

What nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall?

Back 60

Subcostal nerve (T12)

Front 61

Which 2 nerves arise from the first lumbar nerve?

Back 61

1. Illiohypogastric
2. Illioinguinal

Front 62

What nerve innervates the internal oblique & transversus abdominis?

Back 62

Iliohypogastric nerve (L1)

Front 63

What nerve innervates the internal oblique & transversus abdominis?

Back 63

Illioinguinal nerve (L1)