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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lateral border of mediastinum
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Pleural sacs
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Superior border of mediastinum
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Superior thoracic aperture
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Inferior border of mediastinum
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Inferior thoracic aperture
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Anterior border of mediastinum
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Sternum
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Posterior border of mediastinum
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Vertebral column
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What's in the middle mediastinum?
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Pericardial sac
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What's in the anterior mediastinum?
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remnants of thymus
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What's in the superior mediastinum?
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Thymus, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, arch of aorta, trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct, deep cardiac plexus, vagus nerve, L recurrent laryngeal nerve
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What are brachiocephalic veins formed by?
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Joining of jugular and subclavian veins
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Where does thoracic duct go?
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Junction of subclavian and jugular v.
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From L to R, what is the order of the great vessels?
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Pulmonary trunk, aorta, sup vena cava
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From anterior to posterior, what is the order of mediastinal structures?
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Veins, arteries, trachea, esophagus, splanchnic nerves
VATES |
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From L to R, what is the order of the 3 branches of aorta?
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L subclavian, L carotid, brachiocephalic trunk
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Where is trachea in relation to esophagus?
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Ventral
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What is the carina?
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"Crotch" aka bifurcation of trachea
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What does the lymph from the upper right quadrant drain into?
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Right lymphatic duct
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What network of nerves lies on trachea at level of split?
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Deep cardiac plexus
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What network of nerves lies on the arch of aorta?
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Superficial cardiac plexus
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What does the arch of the aorta arch?
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Over R pulmonary artery, then over L primary bronchus
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Where does the vagus nerve give of L recurrent laryngeal?
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Lower border of arch of aorta
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What is phrenic nerve formed from?
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Ventral rami of C3-C5
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What's in the posterior mediastinum?
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esophagus, esophageal plexus, descending aorta, azygous system, thoracic duct, sympathetic trunk, splanchnic nerves
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Upon approaching the diaphragm, how does the position of the esophagus in relation to the aorta change?
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It inclines forward and to the L crossing from R side of aorta to anterior position.
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What are arteries for esophagus?
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Inf thyroid artery, bronchial arteries, esophageal arteries, L gastric, inf phrenic
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What is lymph drainage of esophagus?
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Deep cervical nodes, post. mediastinal nodes, L gastric nodes
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What innervates esophagus?
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Vagus (CN X) and Spinal Accessory (CN XI)
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What forms the esophageal plexus? What are the trunks and their positioning?
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Mixture of R and L vagus nerves.
R vagal fibers form R trunk which runs along posterior esophagus. L vagal fibers form L trunk which runs anterior. They pass thru esophageal hiatus with esophagus |
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What vertebrae level does descending aorta begin?
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T5
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Where do posterior intercostal arteries come from?
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Upper 2 intercostal spaces - supreme intercostal a.
Rest of them - branches of descending aorta. |
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What is the R side of the azygous system called?
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Azygous vein
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What si the L side of the azygous system called?
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Accessory hemiazygous - superiorly
Hemiazygous - inferiorly |
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What are the azygous vein system formed from?
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Union of ascending lumbar vein and subcostal vein
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At what level does the azygous vein arch forward to drain into SVC?
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T4
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What do the hemiazyous veins drain into?
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the azygous, by tranverse connecting veins
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When the inf and sup vena cava are obstructed, what is channel of collateral venous circulation?
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azygous system
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What is the sac like receptacle for lymph from digestive tract?
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Cisterna chyli (think chylomicrons!)
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What are the options for the preganglionic sympathetic fibers originating from neurons in the intermediolateral cell column of spinal cord? (wrt sympathetic trunk)
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1) Form synapses with neurons in sympathetic ganglia rseulting in post ganglionic fiber exit (either joins thoracic spinal nerves or innervates thoracic viscera)
2) Ascend/descend within sympath. trunk 3) Pass thru sympath. trunk as preganglionic (no synapse). these are the ones that form splanchnic nerves. |
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At level of sympathetic trunk, are the neurons that form the splanchnic nerves pre or postganglionic?
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Pre
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