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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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abduction
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movement away from midline
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adduction
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movement towards midline
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valgus knee
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inward bending of proximal (top) of the knee
femus is angled, altering the way the femoral condyles sit |
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parabolic
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half circle shaped jaw
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non-divergent
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inline, adducted
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Honing complex
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wear on the back side of the maxillary canine from rubbing against the mandibular 1st premolar
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Diastema
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a gap between the teeth that allows interlocking of the large canine teeth in a honing complex
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anterior vs. posterior teeth
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anterior = incisors, canines
posterior = premolars, molars |
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Megadontic
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massive teeth
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Life history
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allocation of energy in a way that maximizes fitness
time = energy involves development, growth, reproduction, aging |
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Taphonomy
2 characteristics to study |
The study of the processes that produce archaeological sites
can differentiate between human behavior and natural processes by studying: - characteristics of modern kill sites - marks left on bones |
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Encephalization quotient
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ratio of the actual brain weight to the expected brain weight of a typical animal size
→ controls for body size larger body size → larger brain size |
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Dexterity
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skill in performing tasks → tools
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Prognathic
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protruding
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Vertebral canal
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opening in the thoracic region of vertebrae through which passes the spinal cord
its size is indicative of innervation of muscles and diaphragm |
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Innervation
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Supply of nerves to an organ or body part
determines amount of control over that part |
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Faunal
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the animals of a particular region
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Genome
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all of the genetic information carried by an organism
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Synonymous substitution
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substitution of one nucleotide for another in a DNA sequence that does not change the amino acid coded for
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Non-synonymous substitution
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substitution of one nucleotide for another in a DNA sequence that does change the amino acid coded for
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Regulatory genes
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a DNA sequence that regulates the expression of a structural gene often by binding to an activator or repressor
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Structural genes
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coding genes that are not involved in regulation
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Homologous proteins
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proteins that are derived from a common ancestor
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Supraoribital torus
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brow ridge
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occipital torus
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a ridge of bone at the back of the head associated with heavy chewing
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sagittal crest
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a bony ridge on the top of the skull to which the jaw muscles are attached
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zygomatic arches
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cheek bones
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