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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition for growth? What isn't considered to be part of growth?
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an increase in weight due to protein and bone deposition AND fat deposition which is part of the hormonal development processes (excess fat isn't considered to be part of growth)
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What happens to an animal's fat, muscle and bone % as it grows?
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% fat increases
% muscle decreases bone DOES NOT CHANGE |
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What are the two ways growth occurs in?
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hyperplasia
hypertrophy |
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What is hyperplasia? When does it occur?
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the increase in cell numbers. mostly occurs during fetal development
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What is hypertrophy? Once an animal is born, what is all growth due to?
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The increase in cell size.
hypertrophy |
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What is the epiphyseal plate?
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(cartilage) the bone deposits cartilage cells here and then calcium and phosphorus is deposited
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What happens to the epiphyseal plate as someone gets older?
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Its really wide as a child and as you get older it gets narrower until its all cartilage and then it goes away!
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What is ossification?
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the process of depositing Ca and P (cartilage) to the bone
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How does the degree of ossification help determine carcass maturity?
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-helps det. quality grade
-maturity = indicator of tenderness |
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What is Adipose Tissue?
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fat cells
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When does adipose development start? Where goes it go? How much of weight gain does it make up?
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-early in fetal development
-fills the gaps between muscle -1/3-1-4 of weightgain |
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What is the order from earliest to last sites of fat deposition?
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internal fat (KPH)
subcutaneous fat (backfat) intermuscular fat intramuscular fat |
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What is internal (KPH) fat? How much of the weight of the carcass does it make up?
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kidney pelvic heart fat.
~ 3 1/2% of carcass |
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What is another name for intermuscular fat? Where is it on the animal?
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seam fat. greatest quantity of fat on a beef carcass. It is the fat inbetween muscle bundles
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Where is intramuscular fat? What is it also called?
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fat inbetween muscle fibers
marbeling |
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Why is marbeling important?
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b/c it is related with the pallatibility of a piece of meat. the fat helps keep meat moist and helps to give it flavor
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What are the three degrees of marbeling?
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select : trace amt
low choice : small amt prime : abundant |
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Why does fat deposition start earlier in females?
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because estrogen stimulates muscle growth and hastens closure of episicial plate. Females reach mature size sooner, so they start putting on fat when they stop growing
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what are the three levels of muscle makeup?
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muscle to
muscle bundle to muscle fibers |
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Why is aged meat more tender after 24 hours of slaughter? What is the max. aging limit?
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the connective tissue is broken down by enzymes in the cell.
10-14 days |
