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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sympathomimetic/Adrenergic Agonists....MOA
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activate the "fight or flight" response by stimulating adrenergic recerptors.
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Therapuetic uses of sympathomimetic/adrenergic agonists....
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nasal congestion
hypotension HF asthma premature labor |
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Adrenaline (epinephrine) MOA
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stimulates all adrenergic receptors
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Adrenaline (epinephrine) therapeutic uses...
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-asthma
-allergic reactions -cardiac arrest |
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Contraindications with Adrenaline (epinephrine)
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certain arrhythmia's
HTN |
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Nursing implications with Adrenaline (epinephrine)..
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-Monitor BP, RR, O2 sats, and lung sounds
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Pt teaching with Adrenaline (epinephrine)..
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-take meds as directed
-contact MD if SOB is not relieved or accompanied with diaphoresis, palpitations and dizziness and chest pains. |
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Sudafed (pseudoephedrine)
MOA |
stimulates alpha1 adrenergic receptors
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Uses of Sudafed..
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relief of nasal congestion
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Contraindications of Sudafed..
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-HTN
-severe CAD -concurrent with MAOI's ( inhibits the breakdown of Sudafed .....overdose on Sudafed) |
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Side Effects of Sudafed..
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-Seizures
-Cardiac arrest |
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Nursing Implications with Sudafed..
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Assess-
HR BP Urinary output Blood Sugar -causes insomnia ( do not take before bed) |
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Caution with Sudafed.
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Concurrent with MAOI'S...will cause HTN crisis (severe increase in blood pressure that can lead to a stroke.)
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pt. teaching with Sudafed..
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-take meds as directed
-notify MD if nervousness, slow/fast HR -breathing difficulties -Seizures=Overdose |
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Dobutrex (dobutamine) MOA..
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stimulates beta1 adrenergic receptors....increase HR, increase the contractility of the heart
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Therapeutic uses of Dobutrex (dobutamine)...
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-ionotropic
-treatment of HF |
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Side effects of Dobutrex (dobutamine)..
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-HTN
-tachycardia -dysrrhythmias |
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Nursing Implications of Dobutrex ( dobutamine)
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Monitor
-BP -HR -EKG -Urinary output -IV site -Pedal pulses |
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PT. teaching with Dobutrex (dobutamine)...
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Notify nurse if chest pain, dyspnea, numbness or tingling occur.
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4 types of "Emergency Drugs"
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Adrenaline (epinephrine)
Sudafed (pseudoephedrine) Dobutrex (dobutamine) Albuterol (inhaled) |
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Albuterol MOA in the ANS..
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stimulates beta2 adrenergic receptors (bronchodilation)
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Sympatholytics/adrenergic Antagonists (or blockers) MOA>.
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Inhibit the "fight or flight" response by blocking adrenergic receptors
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2 types of Sympatholytic.Adrenergic Antagonists..
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-alpha1 adrenergic blockers
-beta adrenergic blockers |
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Alpha1 Adrenergic blockers...
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-relax prostate and urinary sphincter smooth muscle
-Vasodilation |
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Example of Alpha1 adrenergic blocker...
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Cardura (doxazosin)
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alpha1 adrenergic blockers MOA..
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Blocks alpha1 adrenergic receptors
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therapeutic uses for alpha1 adrenergic blockers (Cardura)..
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-HTN
-BPH |
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Contraindications with alpha1 adrenergic blockers (Cardura)....
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hypersensitivity
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Side effects with alpha1 adrenergic blockers (Cardura)...
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-dizziness
-Headache -1st dose HTN (cause orthostatic hypotension) |
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Nursing Implications with alpha1 adrenergic blockers (Cardura)...
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Monitor:
-BP -I & O's -Daily weight Assess for : -Edema Report weight increase or decrease. |
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Beta adrenergic blockers have...
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cardiac and pulmonary effects
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Beta adrenergic blockers are used to treat..
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tachycardia
HTN angina prevention of heart attacks |
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2 types of beta adrenergic blockers...
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cardioselective
non cardioselective |
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cardioselective beta blockers...
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block beta1 receptors
-decrease HR -decrease contractility -decrease force of retraction |
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Non cardioselective beta blockers ....
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block beta1 & 2
-Bronchoconstriciton |
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Example of cardioselective beta blocker..
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metoprolol (Lopressor)
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Example of Non cardioselsctive beta blocker...
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propanolol (Inderal)
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Contraindications of beta blockers
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-bradycardia
-certain dsyrhythmias -sever HF |
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Nursing Implications with beta blockers..
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Monitor
-BP -EKG -S/S of CHF -I & O's |
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Cholinergic/Parasympathomimetic (or Muscarinic Agonist) MOA..
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Bind to cholinergic receptors to produce "rest and digest" response
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Cholinergic Responses..
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-Pupil constriction
-decreased HR -Bronchoconstriction -Bladder emptying -increased peristalsis, increased saliva, increased gastric and bronchial secretion. |
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Example of a cholinergic
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Urecholine (bethanechol)
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Urecholine (cholinergic)..
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used to stimulate smooth muscle in GU and GI tracts
--used for Urinary retention(increases bladder muscle tone) --Gastric Atrophy (increase GI peristalsis) |
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Contraindications with Urecholine..
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DO NOT GIVE WITH URINARY OR GI OBSTRUCTION!!!!! WILL CAUSE RUPTURE OF BLADDER AND PAIN!!!!
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Caution with Urecholine..
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-angina
-dysrhythmias -hypotension -recent heart attack -asthma |
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Side effects of Urecholine..
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-Bradycardia
-hypotension |
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Nursing Implications with Urecholine..
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Monitor:
-VS (decrease in HR/BP) Assess: -for bronchial secretions and constrictions -I & O's -Bladder distension |
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Pt. teaching with Urecholine...
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-safety (orthostaitc hypotension)
-can cause GU urgency,diarhea, report: HR < than 60 ( can cause Bradycardia) decreased UO |
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Anticholinergics (Muscarinic Antagonist, Cholinergic Blocker, or Parasympatholytic) 4 types..
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-Atropine
-Atrovent and spiriva -Ditropan -Levsin |
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Cholinergic Crisis....
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-Fever "Hot as Hades"
-Visual changes "Blind as a bat" -Difficulty swallowing "dry as a bone" -Hallucinations "mad as a hatter" |
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therapeutic uses with Atropine...
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-Bradycardia
-Preanesthesia ---decrease gastric, salivary and bronchial secretions ---decrease GI motility and decrease sweating |
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MOA of Atropine...
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Prevents ACH from binding to muscarinic receptors
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Contraindications of all anticholinergics....
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Glaucoma (anticholinergics increase intraocular pressure; GI and GU obstruction; BPH pts.
CAUTION: pts. who cannot tolerate tachycardia (angina, heart disorders) |
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Side effects of Atropine..
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Tachycardia
Sore throat |
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Nursing Implications of Atropine...
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Monitor:
-VS -I & O's -voiding patterns -BM and bowel sounds |
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MOA of all anticholinergics..
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prevent Ach from binding to muscarinic receptors
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Therapeutic uses of Atrovent and Spiriva...
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Asthma and Bronchial spasm
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Side Effects of Atrovent and Spiriva..
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Glaucoma
urinary retention |
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nursing Implications with all Anticholinergics...
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Monitor:
-VS -I & O's - voiding patterns -BM and bowel sounds |
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Ditropan therapeutic uses...
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Bladder spasm
incontinence urinary frequency |
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Side Effects of Ditropan...
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Urinary retention
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therapeutic uses of Levsin..
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Intestinal spasm/ IBS
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Side Effect of Levsin
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Constipation
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