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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Endocrine System |
body system made up of a group of ductless glands that secrete hormones |
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Hormone |
a chemical subtance that's produced by ductless glands, released into the blood stream and carried to other parts of the body where they produce a regulatory effect |
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Structures of the Endocrine System |
Pituitary Gland, Adrenal gland, thymus, thyroid, pancreas, ovary, testicle, pineal gland |
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Hormones produced by the hypothalmus |
releasing hormones: CRH, GnRH, GHRH, TRH Synthesizes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone, but stored/released by neurohypophysis |
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Hypothalmus |
stimulates release of various hormones from adenohypophysis (ant. Pituitary) |
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Ant. Pituitary |
adenohypophysis, ACTH, FSH, GH, TSH, PRL |
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Post. Pituitary |
neurohypophysis, oxytocin, ADH |
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Thyroid Gland |
secretes Thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) and Calcitonin |
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Thyroid Hormones |
tyrosine based, contain iodine T4- thyroxine T3- triiodothyronine (increases BMR, almost all tissues have receptors) |
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Calcitonin |
peptide hormone, controls Ca. acts to decrease blood calcium by inhibiting osteoclasts |
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Parathyroid Gland |
two pairs associated with the thyroid, secretes PTH.increase blood Ca and lower blood P, stimulates release of Ca and P from bone (increases osteocytes and osteoclasts), promotes formation of vit. D in kidney |
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Adrenal cortex |
glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids |
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Glucocorticoids |
cortisol and derivatives |
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Mineralocorticoids |
aldosterone |
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Adrenal medulla |
catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) have a variety of functions in diff organs, but most prepares animals to fight or flight |
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Pancreas |
pancreatic islets (insulin or beta cells and glucagon or alpha cells) |
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Pineal gland |
located in diencephalon, cells are secretory (neuronal by lineage), pinealocytes convert serotonin to melatonin, regulates sleep-wake cycle: photoperiod, secretion peaks during darkness |
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Type one diabetes |
doesn't produce enough insulin |
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Type two diabetes |
insulin Cannot bind to receptor, more common |
