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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nervous System Function
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1. transmit signals
2. analyze signals 3. respond |
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Sense receptors
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picks up a signal from outside of the body, changes it to an chemical or electrical signal, and relays it to the central nervous system
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Effector (muscles/glands)
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The muscle that effects the action
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Sensory Neuron
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Picks up stimulation from outside of the body and relays it to the central nervous system
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Interneuron
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Inter-inside the body
Neuron-relays signals Interneuron-the signal is coming from INSIDE the body and going to another place inside the body (communication occurs only between neurons)--the signal is going to remain inside the central nervous system |
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Motor Neuron
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Brings a signal from the central nervous system to a muscle for action
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Reflex of Arc-involuntary response
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The path a nerve impulse takes during a reflex action.
Includes: 1. receptor 2. sensory neuron 3. interneuron 4. motor neuron 5. effector |
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Examples of Reflexes
Initial Response |
Initial Response-a sensory receptor is triggered by something dangerous, triggers a reflex arc (sharp, hot), the reflex allows you to pull your foot away)
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Examples of Reflexes
Secondary Response |
Interneuron response during which spinal cord interneurons that receive sensory impulses connect with other neurons leading to the brain. After the foot is snatched away, the brain knows, and you might say "ouch!"
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Anatomy of a neuron
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Axon
Axon terminals Dendrites Nucleus Cell Body Myelin Sheath Schwan's Cell |
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Dendrite
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Picks up the signal
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Axon
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What the signal travels through
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Axon Terminal
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Where the signal travels through the neuron and where the synapse occurs
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Soma
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Contains nucleus, which contains DNA (same as cell body)
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Myelin Sheath
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Wraps around axon and makes transmission of signal faster
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Axon terminal
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Transmits the electrochemical signal across the synapse
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Pathway messages
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sent through the neuron
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Neurotransmitters
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Chemicals/molecules that travel across the synapse to bring the signal from one axon terminal to the next dendrite
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Synapse
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fluid filled space between each neuron along a nerve pathway--where signals crosses
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The effects of stimulants and deppressants on nervous system
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they interfere with neurotransmitters
stimulants-make receptors more likely to react depressants-make receptors less likely to react |
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Frontal Lobe
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Controls higher order thinking and behavior, part of the cerebrum, controls complicated thinking, muscle movements, judgments, emotions
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Parital Lobe
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Controls sensory stuff: sense of touch and proprieception (understanding where you are in space)
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Temporal Lobe
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At your temples--auditory (hearing)--language and speech reception
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Occipital
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Back of the brain-vision
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Cerebellum
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Controls motor memory--balance, posture, and keeps heart and lungs working
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Hypothalamus
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Mood, body temperature, hormones, and pace of growing, and maturing associated with puberty
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Pituitary Gland
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Hormonal processing, physical maturation, sexual function
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Medulla Oblongata
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Most impotant part of the brain--cardiac and resperatory function (heart and lungs)
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Right Hemisphere
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controls left side of the body-motion, nonverbal information, communicating emotions, spacial relationships (how to fit a square block into a square hole)
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Left hemisphere
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controls right side of the body and allows you to produce and understand language
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An important adaptation for surivival...
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1. Couldn't respond to external environment (wouldn't know how to pull away from fire, that your arm was broken)
2. Couldn't control own bodily actions (how much pressure you use to pick something up) |
