Animals Test

Front 1

The central cavity of the sponge

Back 1

Spongocoel

Front 2

Sponges draw water in through:

Back 2

Pores

Front 3

Water flows out of a sponge through the:

Back 3

Osculum/oscula

Front 4

___͵ also called ___͵ take in food particles through ___.

Back 4

Choanocytes, collar cells, phagocytosis

Front 5

The gelatinous region between the two layers of a sponge

Back 5

Mesohyl

Front 6

3 main functions of amoebocytes

Back 6

1) taking up food, digesting it, carrying nutrients to other cells

2) manufacture of skeletal fibers

3) totipotence (ability to become other types of cells)

Front 7

Sexes of sponges

Back 7

Sequential hermaphrodites

Front 8

All animals with true tissues

Back 8

Eumetazoans

Front 9

2 cnidarian forms

Back 9

Medusa and polyp

Front 10

Cnidarian cells that provide defense and capture prey

Back 10

Cnidocytes

Front 11

In cnidarians, digestion occurs in the

Back 11

Gastrovascular cavity

Front 12

Gelatinous layer between epidermis and gastrodermis

Back 12

Mesoglea

Front 13

Special organelles found in cnidocytes

Back 13

Cnidae

Front 14

Cnidae with stinging threads

Back 14

Nematocysts

Front 15

Major clades within Cnidaria

Back 15

Medusazoa and Anthozoa

Front 16

Key characteristic of Medusazoans

Back 16

Production of a medusa

Front 17

Members of Medusazoa

Back 17

Scyphozoans, cubozoans, and hydrozoans

Front 18

Medusazoan that exists only in

polyp form

Back 18

Hydra

Front 19

Members of Anthozoa

Back 19

Anemones and corals

Front 20

Major bilaterian clades

Back 20

Lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa, Deuterostomia

Front 21

Lophophore

Back 21

Crown of ciliated tentacles that functions in feeding

Front 22

Trochophore

Back 22

Ciliated larva

Front 23

Flatworm excretory apparatus

Back 23

Protonephridia (network of tubules with ciliated structures called flame bulbs that pull fluid through branched ducts opening to the outside)

Front 24

4 things flatworms lack

Back 24

Coelom, gas exchange organs, circulatory system, separate mouth and anus

Front 25

2 flatworm lineages

Back 25

Catenulida and Rhabditophora

Front 26

Characteristics of Catenulida

Back 26

~100 species, mostly freshwater, mostly asexual

Front 27

Characteristics of Rhabditophora

Back 27

~20,000 species, freshwater or marine, free-living or parasitic

Front 28

Examples of Rhabditophora

Back 28

Planarians, trematodes, tapeworms

Front 29

Planarian characteristics

Back 29

Freshwater, predator/scavenger, asexual/hermaphroditic

Front 30

Trematode characteristics

Back 30

Parasitic, eg blood fluke

Front 31

Tapeworm characteristics

Back 31

Parasitic, feed through absorption, reproduce sexually

Front 32

Rotifer digestive tube

Back 32

Alimentary canal

Front 33

Rotifer reproduction

Back 33

Often parthenogenesis, sometimes sexually in some species

Front 34

Lophophorates

Back 34

Animals with a lophophore -- including ectoprocts and brachiopods

Front 35

Ectoprocta traits

Back 35

Colonial, most often marine

Front 36

Brachiopoda traits

Back 36

Attached to seafloor with stalk, always marine

Front 37

3 main parts of molluscs

Back 37

Foot, visceral mass, and mantle

Front 38

Mollusc sexes

Back 38

Usually separate sexes with gonads in visceral mass

Front 39

Hermaphroditic molluscs

Back 39

Many snails

Front 40

Major mollusc clades

Back 40

Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda

Front 41

Polyplacophora

Back 41

Chitons: oval-shaped,shell composed of eight dorsal

plates, marine

Front 42

Gastropoda

Back 42

Snails and slugs: 3/4 of all living molluscs, mostly marine

Front 43

Bivalvia

Back 43

Sedentary, filter feeders, gills used for feeding

Front 44

Cephalopoda

Back 44

Octopuses, squids, and chambered nautiluses: marine predators, closed circulatory system

Front 45

Major clades of annelida

Back 45

Errantians and sedentarians

Front 46

Errantia

Back 46

Large and diverse group of annelids, mostly marine, many have parapodia, well-developed jaws and sensory organs

Front 47

Sedentaria

Back 47

Less mobile clade of annelids, includes leeches and eaethworms

Front 48

Ecdysozoans

Back 48

Lophotrochozoans that molt

Front 49

Annelid circulatory system

Back 49

Closed

Front 50

Nematode circulatory system

Back 50

None

Front 51

Nematode habitat

Back 51

Water, soil, plants, animals

Front 52

Acoelomates

Back 52

Flatworms

Front 53

Pseudocoelomates

Back 53

Rotifers, nematodes

Front 54

Coelomates

Back 54

Ectoprocts, brachiopods, molluscs, annelids, arthropods

Front 55

Arthropod circulatory system

Back 55

Open, fluid called hemolymph

Front 56

Insect respiratory system

Back 56

Trachea system

Front 57

Major arthropod lineages

Back 57

Chelicerates, myriapods, and pancrustaceans

Front 58

Chelicerae

Back 58

Clawlike feeding appendages

Front 59

Chelicerates

Back 59

Sea spiders, horseshoe crabs, scorpions, ticks, mites, and spiders

Front 60

Myriapods

Back 60

Centipedes and millipedes

Front 61

Pancrustaceans

Back 61

Insects and crustaceans

Front 62

Spiders exchange gas using:

Back 62

Book lungs

Front 63

____ may have been among the earliest animals on land

Back 63

Millipedes

Front 64

The cuticle of decapods is hardened by:

Back 64

Calcium carbonate

Front 65

Decapods

Back 65

Lobsters, crayfish, crabs and shrimps

Front 66

Barnacles are:

Back 66

Sessile crustaceans

Front 67

Functions of echinoderm water vascular system

Back 67

Locomotion and feeding

Front 68

Echinoderm reproduction

Back 68

Separate sexes, gametes released into water

Front 69

Adult echinoderm symmetry

Back 69

Usually five spokes, not truly radial

Front 70

Echinoderm clades

Back 70

Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, Crinoidea, Holothuroidea

Front 71

Asteroidea

Back 71

Sea stars and sea daisies

Front 72

Ophiurodea

Back 72

Brittle stars

Front 73

Echinoidea

Back 73

Sea urchins and sand dollars

Front 74

Crinoidea

Back 74

Sea lilies and feather stars

Front 75

Holothuroidea

Back 75

Sea cucumbers

Front 76

Invertebrate chordata

Back 76

Lancelets and tunicates