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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Synapomorphies for Animalia |
multicellular basal organism - choanoflagellates |
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Phylum Porifera and Characteristics |
Sponges Parazoa: no true tissues (no coelomic body cavity, no symmetry) filter feeders choanocytes - pump water |
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Parizoa |
no true tissues (no coelomic body cavity, no symmetry) |
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Construction of Porifera |
Aconoid -simple Syconoid - in between leuconoid- complex |
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Classes of Porifera |
Calcispongiae- calcareous sponges Demospongiae Hyalospongiae- glass sponges |
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Calcispongiae Characteristics and Examples |
calcareous sponges asconoid and syconoid construction ex. leucosolenia botryoides -white sponge with tentacle-like structures halichondria - green sponge |
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Demospongiae Characteristics |
siliceous spicules or spongin fibers leuconoid construction |
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Hyalospongiae Characteristics |
glass sponges skeleton- siliceous spicules |
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Phylum Cnidaria and Characteristics |
hydroids, jellyfish, sea anemone, corals Eumetazoa Radiata no true coelemic cavity no circulatory system or excretory system nematocysts - stinging cells |
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Eumetazoa |
real tissues |
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Radiata |
radial symmetry, 2 cell layers (diploblastic construction) |
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Classes of Cnidaria |
Hydrozoa- colonial hyroids Scyphozoa- true jellyfish Cubuzoa- box jellies and sea nettles Anthozoa- sea anemones and corals |
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Hydrozoa Characteristics |
Hydroids alternation of generations |
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Schyphozoa Characteristics |
true jellyfish characteristics? |
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Anthozoa Characteristics |
Sea Anemones and Corals Subclasses: Zoantharia - hard corals Octocoralia - soft corals |
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Cubuzoa Characteristics and Examples |
box jellies and sea nettles stenotele nematocysts - sharp nettles |
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Types of Reefs |
Fringing - slope off from mainland Barrier- a lagoon, then barrier starts Atoll- surrounding edge of an island |
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Zooxanthellae |
Dinoflagellates photosynthesizing algae have a symbiotic relationship with corals corals provide shelter, zooanthellae produce oxygen |
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Phylum Ctenophora and Characteristics |
Comb Jellies shared characteristics with cnidarians: Eumetazoa Radiata differences: no nematocysts, 8 rows of combs |
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Phylum Platyhelminthes and Characteristics |
Flatworms Bilateria Protostomia Lophotrochozoa |
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Bilateria |
Bilateral Symmetry Three Cell Layers |
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Protostomia |
blastopore (mouth first), spiral cleavage, determinate development |
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Lophotrochozoa |
trophophore larvae, lophophore (some) |
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Difference between Lophophore and Trochophore ?? |
Lophopore: ciliated tentacle around mouth Trochophore: 2 bands of cilia around body |
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Classes of Platyhelminthes |
Turbellaria - Planarian (free-living) Trematoda- Flukes (parasitic) Cestodia- Tapeworms (parasitic) |
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Turbellaria Characteristics |
Planarians (free- living) true organs digestive system (mouth but no anus) no circulatory system sexual reproduction |
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Trematoda Characteristics |
Flukes (parasitic) attachment suckers sexual reproduction |
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Cestodia Characteristics |
Tapeworms (parasitic) attachment hooks segmented |
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Phylum Rotifera Characteristics |
Wheel Animals Eumetazoa, Bilateria, Protostomia, Lophotrochozoa Trochophore larva Pseudocoelomate - simple body cavity, coelum partially lined with mesodermal tissue digestive system no circulatory system *no cellular plasticity - cannot replace cells |
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Phylum Cycliophora Characteristics |
Cyclophorans Eumetazoa, Bilateria, Protostoma, Lophotrochozoa trochophore larva new phyla discovered on lobster mouthparts |
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Lophophorate Phyla and Characteristics |
Bryozoa: moss animals Entoprocta: entoprocts Brachiopoda: lamp shells Phoronida: phoronid worms Have lophophores - ciliated tentacles around mouth |
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Phylum Bryozoa and Characteristics |
Moss Animals Eumetazoa, Bilateria, Protosoma, Lophotrochozoa trochophore larva mostly marine colonial various growth patterns filter feeders Synapomorphy: Retractable Lophophore |
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Phylum Annelida and Characteristics |
Segmented Worms: earthworms, leeches Eumetazoa, Bilateria, Protosoma, Lophotrochozoa trochophore larva Septa between segments Eucoelomate: true coelum, completely lined body cavities True Organ Systems Synapomorphies: parapodia (appendages), setae, segmentation |
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Classes of Annelidaa |
Oligochaeta: Earthworm Polychaeta: clam worm Hirudinea: medicinal leech |
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Class Oligochaeta Characteristics |
Earthworm |
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Class Polychaeta Characteristics and Examples |
Clam Worm adaptations for feeding everted pharynx amphitrite: tentacles and gills ex. Nereis sp. |
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Phylum Mollusca and Characteristics |
Clams, Oysters, Snails, Octopus, Squid Eumetazoa, Bilateria, Protosomia, Lophotrochozoa Trochophore larva Eucoelomates Visceral Mass: soft body (and most have hard shell) Open circulatory system Synapomorphies: Radula (teeth structure), mantle, muscular foot, shell |
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Classes of Mollusca |
Polyplacophora: chitons Bivalvia: clams, scallops, oysters, mussels Gastropoda: snails, slugs Cephalopoda: octopus, squid, nautiloids |
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Polyplacophora Characteristics |
Chitons Shell made of 8 plates |
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Bivalvia Characteristics and examples |
Clams, scallops, oysters, mussels two shells no radula expanded gills for filter feeding byssal threads ex. Mya Arenaria (soft shell clams) Placopectan Magellanicus (scallop) Mytilus Edulis (blue mussel) |
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Gastropoda Characteristics and Examples |
Snails and Slugs Elongated and coiled shell developed head veliger larva ex. Tectura Testidunalis Crepidula Fornicata Littorina Obtusata Littorina Littorea Littorina Saxatilus Nucella Lappelus |
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Cephalopoda Characteristics |
Squid, Octopus, nautiloids shell reduced or absent foot evolved into tentacles radula = beak like jaws |
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Classes of Phylum Cnidaria |
Hydrozoa- colonial hyroids Scyphozoa- true jellyfish Cubuzoa- box jellies and sea nettles Anthozoa- sea anemones and corals |
