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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Are mollusks coelomates? |
Yes |
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What are the 3 Phylums of Mollusks? Give an example of each. |
Gastropods (snails, slugs) , Bivalves (clams), Cephalods (octopus, squid) |
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What is the free-swimming larval stage of Mollusks called? Which other Phylum has it, indicating a close relation? |
trochophore Annelids |
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What is a Mollusk's shell made of? |
calcium carbonate |
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What are the 4 parts of a Mollusk? |
foot, mantle (layer of tissue that covers most of mollusk's body), shell, visceral mass (contains internal organs) |
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What do snails and slugs use to eat and how? |
radula (scrapes food) |
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How do octopi and some slugs eat? |
use sharp jaws to eat prey |
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How do bivalves eat? |
Filter feed by taking in water through their incurrent siphon, where water flows over the gills and gills catch food from water. Rest of water leaves through excurrent siphon. |
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How do aquatic Mollusks respire? |
As water passes through mantle cavity, the oxygen in the water moves into the blood flowing through gills. Carbon dioxide from the blood fuses into the water and leaves the body with the water. |
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How do land Mollusks respire? |
with a large mantle cavity lined with blood vessels |
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Which 2 characteristics divide the 3 classes of Mollusks? |
foot & shell |
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How do snails move? |
they secrete mucus & move with rippling motion with their foot |
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Which Mollusks have closed circulatory systems and which have open? |
Gastropods and Bivalves have open because they're slow Cephalods have closed because they're fast (blood is transported faster) |
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Which organ tube removes nitrogen waste from Mollusk's bodies? |
nephridia |
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How do octopi move? |
by jet propulsion. It brings water into the mantle cavity and then out the siphon, causing it to move |
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How reproduction of tentacled mollusks and some snails differ from that of other snails and two-shelled mollusks? |
it takes place INSIDE the female for tentacled mollusks and some snails others snails and two-shelled mollusks release sperm and eggs into the water and fertilization is external and develop into free-swimming larvae |
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what is the symmetry of gastropods? |
bilateral |
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Are bivalves motile or sessile? |
sessile most of their life |
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Explain the blood cycle of open circulatory systems. |
heat>sinuses>gills (CO2 and O are exchanged)>back to heart |
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Explain reproduction of Cephalods |
separate sexes male transfers packets of sperm from his mantle to mantle of female |
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Explain shells of Nautiluses, Squids, Cuttlefish, and Octopi |
Nautiluses: external shell Squids & Cuttlefish: internal shell Octopi: no shell |
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How do bivalves move? |
dig with foot |
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What are the body cavities of flatworms, roundworms, and annelids? |
flatworm: no coelom roundworm: pseudocoelom annelid: coelom |
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What are the 3 key features of anthropods? |
chitin exoskeleton, segmented bodies, appendages |
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What is the exoskeleton of anthropods made of? |
protein and chitin |
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evolutionary trend of anthropods?
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decreased in segments and appendages evolved into different forms for different functions |
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Name the 4 subphylums of Anthropods and give examples of each. |
1) Chelicerata (spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions) 2)Crustacea (crabs, lobsters, shrimp, barnacles) 3) Uniramia (insects) |
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Explain the 3 ways anthropods respire. |
1) Aquatics use gills 2) Some terrestrial use tracheal tubes that extend through the body. Air enters and leaves through small openings on body of anthropod called spiracles 3) other terrestrials use book lungs (respiratory tissue stacked like a book) |
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Do anthropods have closed or open circ. systems? |
open |
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How does cellular waste leave the bodies of terrestrial (1 way) and aquatic anthropods (2 ways)? |
Terrestrial: Malphigian tubes (organs) extract nitrogenous waste from blood and add it to digestive waste Aquatic: diffusion moves waste from body to surrounding water also eliminate through green glands that empty through a pair of openings in head |
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How do anthropods move? |
They have specific muscles in their appendages that bend or straighten the body joints |
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Explain the nervous system of anthropods. |
All anthropods have a brain. A ventral nerve cord runs down the anthropod with several ganglia that coordinate leg and wing movement. This ventral cord is connected to the brain by two nerves that encircle the esophagus |
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describe reproduction of terrestrial and aquatic anthropods |
terrestrial: sexes are separate and fertilization is internal males directly place sperm into female or deposit sperm packets for females to pick up Aquatics: have internal or external (females release eggs and males shed sperm around eggs) |
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What do anthropods undergo when they get too large for their exoskeleton? What body system controls moltings? |
molting: skin glands digest inner part of exoskeleton and other glands make a new one the endocrine system controls molting |
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what are anthropods classified upon? |
number and structure of segments and appendages (particularly mouth parts) |
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What 3 factors classify Crustaceans? |
2-3 segments, 2 pairs of antenni, and a mandible (mouth part) |
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What is the cephalothorax a conjuction of? |
the head and thorax (behind head) |
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What are the 2 segments of a crayfish? |
cepalothorax (posterior) and abdomen (anterior) |
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define carapace |
part of exoskeleton that covers the cephalothorax |
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what are the two groups of crustaceans? |
decapods and barnacles |
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what are the segments of decapods? |
2 pairs of antennae mandibles (mouth parts) chelipeds (claws) 4 pairs of walking legs several pairs of swimmerets flat tail |
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what are the differences between decapods and barnacles? |
barnacles are sessile, lost segments and no longer use mandibles |
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what are the classifications of Chelicerates? |
mouthparts called chelicerae, two segments, 4 pairs of walking legs |
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what are the 2 segments of chelicerates and what do they contain? |
cephalothorax: brain, eyes, mouth, and walking legs abdomen: most internal organs |
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what two appendages function as mouth parts in chelicerates and what do they specifically do? |
chelicerae: fangs that stab and paralyze prey pedipalps: grab prey |
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what are the 2 ways a chelicerate can respire? |
book lungs and book gills |
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what are characteristics of horseshoe crabs? |
chelicerae, 5 pairs of walking legs, long spike-like tail for movement
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what are the classifications of uniramians? |
body divided into 3 parts: head, thorax, abdomen + 3 pairs of legs attached to the thorax have jaws, one pair of antennae, pair of eyes, two pairs of wings, tracheal tubs for respiration |
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what are the sense organs of insects? |
eyes to detect colour and movement changes chemical receptors for taste and smell in their mouth, antennae, and legs sensory hairs to detect movement ears |
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classify echinoderms |
spiky skin, endoskeleton, water vascular system, tube feet, radial symmetry |
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are echinoderms deuterostomes or protostomes? |
deuterostomes |
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which body functions does the water vascular system carry out? |
respiration, circulation, and movement |
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which structure opens up the water vascular system to the outside? |
madreporite |
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what is the echinoderm's endoskeleton made of? |
CaCO3 |
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what is the symmetry of an echinoderm's larvae? is it deuterostome or protostome? what phylum might echinoderms have a relationship with? |
bilateral deuterostome chordates |
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explain the sexual and asexual ways of reproduction for echinoderms |
sexual: sperm and eggs are released into water and fertilization is external. larvae is free-swimming asexual: piece of organism breaks off and regenerates |
