Animal Survival

Front 1

Give three reasons why animals need food:

Back 1

*Any three*
Survival
Energy(to move and heat)
Growth and repair
Repair
Protection(against illness)

Front 2

Name the 3 food groups:

Back 2

Carbohydrates
Fats and Oils
Proteins

Front 3

State the units that make up each food group:

Back 3

Carbohydrates- Glucose
Fats and Oils- One glycerol & 3 fatty acids
Proteins- Amino Acids

Front 4

State the chemical elements of each food group:

Back 4

All
Carbon (c)
Hydrogen (H)
Oxygen (O)
Protein has a fourth chemical element- Nitrogen

Front 5

Define digestion in terms of particle size and solubility:

Back 5

Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream

Front 6

Describe peristalsis in terms of muscle movement:

Back 6

Circular muscles form a ring that contracts and squeezes food from behind.

Front 7

Explain the importance of peristalsis in the stomach:

Back 7

Helps churn and mix food in the stomach with gastric juice. This helps speed up digestion of protein.

Front 8

Name the enzyme found in saliva and state it's function

Back 8

Salivary amylase
Starts the breakdown of insoluble starch into soluble sugar

Front 9

Name the four types of teeth and their function:

Back 9

Incisor- Front biting tooth
Canine - For gripping and tearing food
Pre-molar - Chewing and grinding
Molar - Chewing and grinding

Front 10

What do Herbivore skulls have insted of upper incisors or upper canines?

Back 10

A horny pad that allows them to crop plants easily.

Front 11

State two functions of the small intestine:

Back 11

It helps to allow products of digestion to diffuse quickly and easily into the blood which absorbs soluble food molecules
Completes digestion

Front 12

Name 3 enzymes made by the pancreas. Give the substrate and product(s) for each enzyme.

Back 12

Pancreatic protease- Protein & amino acids
Pancreatic amylase- Starch & sugars
Pancreatic lipase- Fat, fatty acids & glycerol

Front 13

State 2 ways in which the small intestine is adapted to its job of absorbing soluble food particles

Back 13

It has a thin wall and has millions of tiny villi that increases the surface area

Front 14

Define fertilization

Back 14

Fertilisation occurs when the nucleus(containing the genetic information of the cell) joins with the nucleus of the egg

Front 15

Define external and internal fertilization. Give examples of both

Back 15

External happens outside the female's body, this usually occurs in aquatic animals( fish or amphibians)
Internal happens inside the female's body, is important to land animals (e.g mammals)

Front 16

Explain the importance of internal fertilization in land animals

Back 16

There is no surrounding water to carry the sperm cells to the egg