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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Macrominerals
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Minerals required in the diet at relatively high levels (>about 100 mg/d for humans); generally present in the body at >0.01% of body weight.
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Microminerals
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Minerals required in the diet at relatively low levels (<about 100 mg/d for humans); generally present in the body at <0.01% of body weight.
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Hydroxyapatite
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Main inorganic component of bone, making up ~70% of the weight of bone. Contains Ca, P, O and H.
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Parturient paresis
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Paralysis due to a sudden drop in blood Ca following onset of milk production; often called “milk fever”.
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Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
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Excessive bone resorption due to high levels of
parathyroid hormone release associated with long-term consumption of low Ca, high P diets. |
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Pica
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Deranged appetite caused by specific mineral deficiencies.
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Metalloenzyme
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An enzyme that contains one or more metal atom as an integral part of its structure.
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Goiter
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Enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by an iodine deficiency.
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Monosaccharides
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One sugar molecule.
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Disaccharides
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Two sugar molecules linked together by an α or β bond.
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Oligosaccharides
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4-10 sugar molecules linked together by α or β bonds.
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Polysaccharides
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>10 sugar molecules linked together by α or β bonds.
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Amylose
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Long chain of α1,4-linked glucoses; found in plants (part of starch).
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Amylopectin
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Long chain of α1,4-linked glucoses with α1,6 branches; found in plants (part of starch).
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Cellulose
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Long chain of β1,4-linked glucose molecules, structural component of plants.
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Glycogen
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Long chain of α1,4-linked glucoses with many α1,6 branches; found in animals (storage form of carbohydrate in animals).
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Glycogenesis
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Formation of glycogen from glucose.
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Glycogenolysis
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Release of glucose from glycogen.
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Gluconeogenesis
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Synthesis of glucose from non-glucose precursors.
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Glycolysis
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Breakdown of glucose for energy
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