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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Maintenance Ration |
the feed mixed in the proper proportions and amounts for an animal to maintain its weight and other bodily functions |
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Feedstuff |
a basic ingredient of a feed that would not ordinarily be fed as a feed by itself |
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Anabolism |
the growth process by which tissues are built up |
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Catabolism |
the process of breaking down tissues from the complex to the simple as in the digestive process |
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Amino Acids |
the basic building block of protein |
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Essential Amino Acids |
any of the amino acids that cannot be synthesized by an animal's body and must be supplied from the animal's diet |
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Nonessential Amino Acids |
amino acid that can be synthesized by the animal's body |
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Crude Protein Content |
total amount of crude protein in a feed, calculated by analyzing the nitrogen content and multiplying that percentage by 6.25 |
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Carnivores |
meat eating organisms |
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Herbivores |
organism that eats mainly plants |
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Tankage |
dried animal residues usually free from fats and gelatin |
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Cellulose |
an inert complex carbohydrate that makes up the bulk of the cell walls of plants |
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Monosaccharides |
the simplest sugars (glucose, fructose, and galactose) |
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Disaccharides |
more complex sugars |
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Glucose |
a common sugar that serves as the building blocks for many comples carbohydrates |
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Fructose |
the sugar in fruit |
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Galctose |
the sugar in milk |
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Sucrose |
common table sugar (disaccharide composed of fructose and glucose) |
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Lactose |
a sugar obtained from milk |
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Lipids |
a fat of fatty tissue |
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Inorganic |
not containing carbon and usually derived from nonliving sources |
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Macrominerals |
minerals that are required in relatively large amounts in an animal's diet |
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Microminerals |
minerals taht are required in relatively small amounts in an animal's diet |
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Trace Minerals |
a mineral that is needed in relatively minute amounts in an animals diet |
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Free Choice |
feeding an animal with an unlimited supply of feed |
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Carotene |
an orange or red pigment found in green leafy plants, especially carrots, it can be converted to vitamin A by an animals body |
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Toxic |
poisonous |
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Monogastric |
one stomach |
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Gastrointestinal Tract |
the digestive system |
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Alimentary Canal |
tract extending from the mouth to the anus, through which food passes and where it is exposed to the various digestive processes |
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Absorption |
the passage of food from the digestive system to the bloodstream |
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Cecum |
the enlargement on the digestive tract of animals such as the horse that allows them to digest large amounts of roughages |
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Esophagus |
the tube leading from th mouth to the stomach |
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Pepsin |
a digestive enzyme secreted by the stomach |
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Duodenum |
the first portion of the small intestine |
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Jejunum |
part of the small intestine |
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Ileum |
last division of the small intsetine |
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Semipermeable Membrane |
a membrane that permits the diffusion of some components and not others |
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Diffusion |
in the process of absorption, the passing of particles through a semipermeable membrane |
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Blouses |
a large pill; a soft mass of chewed food
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Rumen |
largest compartment of the stomach; where a large amount of bacterial fermentation feedfou occurs
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Reticulum |
the second compartment of a ruminant's stomach
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Omasum |
third compartment of the ruminant stomach; where the grinding of the feed occurs
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Abomasum |
fourth (real) stomach division of a ruminant animal |
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Mucous Membranes |
a form of tissue in the body openings and digestive tract that secrete a vicious, watery substance called mucus |
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Bloat |
a condition in cattle caused by gas being trapped in the digestive system |
