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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is mastitis?
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Inflammation of the udder/mammary gland
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What are the negative effects/losses due to mastitis (in cows?)
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1. decreased production (70%)
2. premature culling & death (14%) 3. discardeed milk (8%) 4. treatment costs (8%) |
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What are the two types of mastitis?
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1. Subclinical mastitis
2. Clinical mastitis |
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Is subclinical or clinical mastitis more common? What is it a problem in?
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Subclinical. Herds.
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What does subclinical mastitis usually precede? Is its duration long or short?
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clinical mastitis. Long duration
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What two things does mastitis reduce? (Subclinical)
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1. milk yield
2. milk quality |
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What are reduced in the milk quality (8)? (subclin)
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1.sugar (lactose)
2.protein (casein) 3.fat content 4.Ca and P 5.manufacturing quality 6.rancidity 7.salt content 8.immunoglobulins |
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How does the cow and its milk appear when the cow has subclinical mastitis?
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Normal
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How do the cow and its milk appear if the cow has clinical mastitis?
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1.udder may be hard, hot and painful
2.cow may appear sick 3.milk may be watery or thick w/clots, etc |
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What are the two "causes" of mastitis (category names)
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1. Contagious mastitis
2. Environnmental mastitis |
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In contagious mastitis;
1. It's spread from species what to what? 2. What's the reservoir? 3. These bacteria cause it? |
1. Spread from cow to cow
2. Cow/udder 3. Staph. aureus & Strep. agalactiae |
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In environmental mastitis;
1. Transmitted from what to what? 2. What's the reservoir? 3. What bacteria causes it? |
1. NOT spread cow to cow
2. Environment is reservoir 3. Coliforms in feces contamination and other Streps |
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How do bacteria enter the cow?
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1. Through teat canal; Keratin plug in teat canal is primary barrier
**the more bacteria at teat end, greater chance of infection |
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When are cows most susceptible to mastitis?
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During the 1st 2 weeks of dry period
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What are ways to prevent/control mastitis?
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1. Prevention is best
2. 5 Point plan |
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Describe the 5 point plan.
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1. Udder hygiens
2. Proper milking 3. Cull chronic cases 4. Therapy (dry cow & clinical cases) 5. Maintain records |
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What do you do for udder hygiene?
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1. remove debris/manure
2. sanitize teats (before and after milking) 3. stimulate oxytocin 4. minimize machine on time |
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What does the mastitis vaccine increase and/or decrease?
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1. Ups spontaneous cure rate
2. Downs cell counts 3. Downs # of clinical mastitis cases |
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What is the vaccine "good" against?
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1. Staph. aureus
2. Coliforms |
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When is the vaccine not effective?
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In decreasing subclinical mastitis
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