Animal Diseases-Condensed Information For The Midterm Part 2 (Respiratory Diseases)

Front 1

Give two parts of the upper respiratory tract

Back 1

nasal cavity, sinuses, nasopharynx, larynx

Front 2

Give two parts of the lower respiratory tract

Back 2

Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, pleural cavity

Front 3

What is rhinitis?

Back 3

Inflammation, infection, irritation of the nasal cavity

Front 4

What is the most common cause of rhinitis?

Back 4

viral infection (bacterial is secondary)

Front 5

If an animal experiences trauma, parasites (cuterebra), foreign bodies, neoplasia, etc. what type of Rhinitis can this cause?

Back 5

chronic rhinitis

Front 6

What is it called when you have infection, irritation, and inflammation of the sinuses?

Back 6

Sinusitis

Front 7

True or False

Sinusitis is usually frontal and maxillary

Back 7

True

Front 8

What often causes sinusitis?

Back 8

tooth root abcesses

Front 9

How can you treat sinusitis?

Back 9

remove the bad teeth, or antibiotics (based on culture and sensitivity results)

Front 10

What is another name for nosebleed?

Back 10

epistaxis

Front 11

What are 2 common causes of epistaxis?

Back 11

trauma, foreign body, neoplasia, or rodenticide toxicity

Front 12

What are 2 ways to treat epistaxis?

Back 12

Chilled epinepherine, pressure, and Vitamin K if rodenticide toxicity is suspected.

Front 13

This type of nasal tumor accounts for 80% of nasal tumors in dogs.

Back 13

malignant carcinomas (most common in dogs)

Front 14

This type of nasal tumor accounts for 90% of nasal tumors in cats.

Back 14

malignant carcinomas or malignant lymphomas (these are the two most common)

Front 15

If a greyhound comes into the clinic with discharge that has not responded to therapy, epistaxis, and swelling of the face near the mouth, what would you suspect?

Back 15

Malignant carcinoma (since there is an increased risk of these in mesacephalic and dolichocephalic dogs, and these are all signs of nasal tumors)

Front 16

Inflammation and infection of the tonsils is called ______.

Back 16

tonsilitis

Front 17

If a dog presents with a loss of its voice, and has had a history of excessive barking, along with redness and swelling in the larynx, what are you going to guess that it is? How would you treat it?

Back 17

Laryngitis

Treatment would most likely be to restrict noisemaking, and antibiotics if there is an infection present.

Front 18

True or false

Tonsilitis is common in cats, but rare in dogs.

Back 18

False

It is rare in cats, and common in dogs

Front 19

What would you most likely see on examination of a patient who has presented with tonsilitis?

Back 19

Swollen/enlarged tonsils

Front 20

How would you treat tonsilitis?

How would you treat a chronic case of tonsilitis?

Back 20

antibiotics, give them a soft liquid diet, and pain relief/anti-inflammatories.

If it is a chronic case or neoplasia, you would most likely remove the tonsils.

Front 21

What are the three types of laryngeal paralysis?

Back 21

hereditary, acquired, and idiopathic

Front 22

What are 2 signs of laryngeal paralysis?

Back 22

vocal changes

standing with the head lowered and mouth open

cyanotic mucous membranes

Front 23

What is one way to treat laryngeal paralysis temporarily?

How about a permanent fix?

Back 23

Temporary treatment-calm them down, oxygen therapy, corticosteroids.

Permanent treatment-laryngeal tieback

Front 24

These are benign inflammatory growths that are usually found in the external ear canal.

Back 24

Nasopharyngeal polyps

Front 25

What is a complication that can be caused by nasopharyngeal polyps?

Back 25

Horner's syndrome

Front 26

What is kennel cough also called?

Back 26

Infectious canine tracheobronchitis

Front 27

True or False

Kennel cough can stem from viral, bacterial, fungal, mycoplasmic, or parasitic sources.

Back 27

True

Front 28

Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis can be either ______ or ______.

Back 28

acute or chronic

Front 29

How many days after exposure will you most likely see kennel cough?

Back 29

5-10 days (diagnosis will be based on exposure factors, as well as if there is a cough on palpation).

Front 30

True or False

The only way to get rid of kennel cough is antibiotics.

Back 30

False

It is usually self-limiting, and will clear up after 3 weeks or so. (You can however treat with glucocorticoids, antitussives, and bronchodilators to ease the symptoms).

Front 31

When it comes to kennel cough vaccines, what route does the bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine go?

How about the Bb+parainfluenza?

Back 31

Bb-Injection

Bb+parainfluenza-intranasal

Front 32

True or False

Cats can get bordetella too.

Back 32

True (it is self-limiting, and diagnosed by a culture and sensitivity then treated with antibiotics).

Front 33

What other feline disease is feline bordetella similar to?

Back 33

Feline herpesvirus/calicivirus

Front 34

This occurs when the tracheal rings lose the ability to remain firm and collapse, and is also frequent in small/toy breeds.

Back 34

Collapsing trachea

Front 35

True or False

Collapsing trachea usually just happens by itself with no other concurrent diseases.

Back 35

False

There is usually some other concurrent disease that is associated with it (CHF, chronic bronchitis)

Front 36

What is one way to treat the animal for collapsing trachea for short term?

How about long term treatment?

Back 36

Short term-calm them down, antitussives, glucocorticoids, bronchodilators, weight loss, harnesses instead of collars, etc.

Long term-add external support (stents to support the trachea)

Front 37

This is spontaneous bronchoconstriction, inflammation and hypersensitivity in cats.

Back 37

Feline asthma

Front 38

What are two types of inhalers that can be used for at-home treatment of feline asthma?

Back 38

flovent (flumenazil)-maintenance

Albuterol-rescue inhaler

Front 39

What interferes with viral reproduction when dealing with Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (feline herpesvirus)?

Back 39

Lysine

Front 40

True or False

Feline herpesvirus has a high morbidity/moderate mortality rate.

Back 40

True

Front 41

What can feline calicivirus cause?

Back 41

ulcerative stomatitis (reproduces in the oral/respiratory tract epithelium)

Front 42

What is the mortality rate of feline calicivirus?

Back 42

~65%

Front 43

Name at least 3 fungal diseases

Back 43

Blastomycosis, aspergillosis, coccidiomycosis, histoplasmosis

Front 44

what are 2 common treatment options when dealing with fungal diseases?

Back 44

itraconazole/ketoconazole

Front 45

This is fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity and is associated with Right sided CHF, and intrathoracic neoplasia.

Back 45

Pleural effusion

Front 46

True or False

With pulmonary neoplasia, primary lung tumors are uncommon and metastatic tumors are more common.

Back 46

True