Animal Dentistry-Lecture 8 (Periodontal Diseases In Cats)

Front 1

Name at least 3 feline oral diseases.

Back 1

Periodontal disease

Resorptive lesions

Trauma

Feline Lymphocytic Plasmocytic Stomatitis

Neoplasia

Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex

Palatal Defects

Front 2

What percentage of cats have periodontal disease by the age of 6?

Back 2

85%

Front 3

Cats that have this done show 95% less calculus than the control group.

Back 3

Cats that have their teeth brushed twice weekly

Front 4

What is the most common disease of the tooth structure of the domestic feline?

Back 4

Resorptive Lesions

Front 5

50% of cats older than ______ have cavities.

Back 5

10 years old

Front 6

What is the average number of resorptive lesions in a cat?

Back 6

3

Front 7

When were resorptive lesions first reported?

Back 7

1950s

(properly recognized in the mid-late 1970's and appeared to be increasing in incidence)

Front 8

Can you name 4 signs of resorptive lesions?

Back 8

Varied depending on the stage of the lesion.

Pain!

Anorexia

Ptyalism

Lethargy

Dysphagia

Weight Loss

Head Shaking

Sneezing

Front 9

How many types (stages) of Resorptive lesions are there?

Back 9

5 Types (Stages)

Front 10

What Type (stage) of resortive lesions is signified by a lesion being into the cementum or enamel only?

Back 10

Type 1

Front 11

What is the treatment for a Type 1 Resorptive lesion?

Back 11

Oral ATP

(The root is planed thoroughly with a dental curette, polished with paste, dried, and given a fluoride treatment)

Front 12

What are 2 fluoride preparations?

Back 12

Fluoride varnish

Fluoride-releasing dentinal-bonding agents

Fluoride-releasing pit-and-fissure sealants

Emphasis on home care

Front 13

If a resorptive lesion is through the cementum/enamel into the dentin, it is what type? (Stage)

Back 13

Type 2 (can still treat, start as type 1, then restoration)

Front 14

If a resorptive lesion is through the dentin and into the pulp cavity, it would be considered what Type? (Stage)

Back 14

Type 3

Front 15

What is the treatment for a Type 3 resorptive lesion?

Back 15

Extraction

Restoration

Treat the Lesion

Root canal is necessary

Front 16

What is a necessary treatment for a Type 3 resorptive lesion?

Back 16

Root canal

Front 17

What type (stage) of resorptive lesion would you have if you had extensive structural damage, and a fragile tooth?

Back 17

Type 4

Front 18

What is the treatment for a type 4 resorptive lesion?

Back 18

Extraction

Front 19

What type (stage) resorptive lesion would you have if the crown is lost, but roots are still present?

Back 19

Type 5

Front 20

What is the treatment for a Type 5 resorptive lesion?

Back 20

If the periodontal ligament is still present you must get the roots. However, if the resorption is involving 100% of the root surface, you don't need to go get the periodontal ligament.

Front 21

How often should you recheck after treating resorptive lesions?

Back 21

Recheck every 2 weeks, then recheck after that at 3-12 month intervals, and finally radiographs at 12 months post treatment.

You then want oral ATP's every year, and scaling by hand around the restorations.

Front 22

How can you reduce the risk/rate of resorptive lesions at home?

Back 22

Their diet makes a big difference (dry diets help reduce the rate of accumulation of plaque on the teeth, whereas raw liver and meat diets aggravate the condition).

Front 23

What are 2 factors that can aggravate resorptive lesions?

Back 23

Raw liver and meat diets aggravate the condition

Chronic vomiting may also be involved

Front 24

What do we call Feline Lymphocytic Plasmocytic Stomatitis?

Back 24

Feline Stomatitis

Front 25

What is the cause of Feline Stomatitis?

Back 25

Unknown

Front 26

What is/are implicated in the cause of feline stomatitis?

Back 26

Infectious agents (Bacterial and Viral)

Immunologic capabilities are implicated

This is not a distinct disease entity (uninhibited excessive immune inflammatory response)

Front 27

Feline Stomatitis is thought to be an "uninhibited excessive ______ ______ response."

Back 27

"Uninhibited Excessive Immune Inflamatory Response."

Front 28

The Bacterial component of feline stomatitis is thought to be caused by what type of bacteria?

Back 28

Bartonella

Front 29

What are some breeds that may be predisposed to have more severe feline stomatitis?

Back 29

Siamese

Abyssinian

Himalayan

Persian

Burmese

Maine Coon

(There may be an indication of genetic tendency also. In a study of 4858 cats, 0.7% (34)of all the cats showed a genetic tendency).

Front 30

What are 3 clinical signs of feline stomatitis?

Back 30

Ptyalism

Halitosis

Dysphagia

Anorexia

Weight loss

Hyperemic, proliferative, ulcerative mucosa

Commisures, glossophangyeal arches, and palate become involved

Front 31

How can you diagnose feline stomatitis?

Back 31

Clinical signs

Biopsy

Front 32

True or False

When treating Feline Stomatitis, if you use intense efforts at oral hygiene to control plaque, antibiotics to fight bacteria, and anti-inflammatory drugs, you will see good results in all of your patients.

Back 32

False.

Even with these types of treatment, you may still fail to see good results in some patients.

Front 33

What are some treatment options for Feline Stomatitis?

Back 33

Elimination or control of excessive inflammatory response.

Frequent Oral ATPs

Home care

If none of this is working you should extract the teeth.

Front 34

If you have treated an animal for stomatitis, and it shows no response to treatment, what should be done?

Back 34

Extract all teeth distal to the canines.

Front 35

If, after extraction of all teeth distal to the canines, you are still having trouble with Feline Stomatitis, what is indicated?

Back 35

Extraction of ALL of the teeth.

Front 36

If, after you have extracted ALL of the patient's teeth, and they are still experiencing trouble with feline stomatitis, what should be done?

Back 36

New trials of Interferon

Front 37

What is the fourth most common site of neoplasia in cats?

Back 37

Feline Oral Neoplasia

Front 38

The majority of feline oral neoplasias are benign/malignant. (choose one)

Back 38

Malignant

Front 39

What is the most common type of feline oral neoplasia?

Back 39

squamous cell carcinoma

Front 40

Where are the squamous cell carcinomas usually located in a cat's mouth?

Back 40

under the tongue (usually in cats over 10 years old, and either sex)

Front 41

How would you treat Oral squamous cell carcinomas?

Back 41

Wide surgical incisions (only in early lesions though!)

Front 42

What is the second most common feline oral neoplasia?

Back 42

Fibrosarcoma (however, they are relatively rare)

Front 43

Name 2 types of feline oral neoplasias.

Back 43

Squamous cell carcinoma

Fibrosarcoma

Melanosarcoma

Front 44

What are ECG's also known as?

Back 44

Indolent ulcers or rodent ulcers

(well circumscribed, ulcerative, red or brown lesions usually on the upper lip at the philtrum by the maxillary canines).

Front 45

Where are ECG's usually found?

Back 45

Usually on the upper lip at the philtrum by the maxillary canines.

Front 46

True or False

Males are usually more commonly diagnosed than females with ECG's (by a factor of 2-3/1)

Back 46

False

females are usually more commonly diagnosed than males.

Front 47

What is the average age of an animal that develops ECGs?

Back 47

9 months-9 years

Front 48

What is thought to cause ECG's?

Back 48

Thought to be inflammatory as a response to irritation such as trauma from a tooth, excessive grooming, allergies, and a possible link to squamous cell carcinoma.

Front 49

What is the treatment for ECGs?

Back 49

Steroids

Front 50

What are the most common teeth that get fractured in cats?

Back 50

almost always the canines, and incisors

Front 51

What does this picture show?

Back 51

cleft palate(palatal defects)