Animal Comm Final 2

Front 1

not all cases of reciprocal cooperation involve

Back 1

relatives

Front 2

cooperation between unrelated individuals can pay off in the long run if ______ are "reciprocated"

Back 2

unselfish actions

Front 3

reciprocal altruism is more likely favored by _______ when individuals that live in groups interact with the same partners

Back 3

natural selection

Front 4

_____ facilitates long-term partnerships

Back 4

reciprocal altruism

Front 5

reciprocal cooperation activates the ____ & _____

Back 5

orbital frontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex

Front 6

the ability to determine the level of threat posed by an intruder allows territory owners to modulate their territorial responses in a cost-effective way

Back 6

"dear enemy” effect

Front 7

Reduced aggression towards familiar adjacent neighbors, termed _______ has been shown in numerous species

Back 7

"dear enemy affect"

Front 8

chemicals found in sweat and other human secretions appear to affect mood

Back 8

human pheromones

Front 9

Types of pheromones

Back 9

primer and releaser

Front 10

Primer pheromones produce ________ over time in receiver

Back 10

gradual changes

Front 11

pheromones that stimulate release of hormones involved in reproductive functions

Back 11

Primer pheromones

Front 12

Releaser pheromones produce ____ effects

Back 12

instantaneous

Front 13

pheromones that evoke specific behaviors(attack, retreat, movements and postures)

Back 13

Releaser pheromones

Front 14

mice (even highly inbred mice) tend to choose males that differ from them in terms of

Back 14

MHC

Front 15

animals probably detect info about MHC through _____ or ______

Back 15

odors or odor-pheromone mixture

Front 16

the layered outer shell of the brain, and is only in mammals

Back 16

neocortex

Front 17

the MHC is used in combination with ____ to affect the immune system

Back 17

pheromones

Front 18

_____ show expansion of the neocortex

Back 18

primates

Front 19

in humans, __% of the brain is taken up by the Neocortex, compared to less than ___% in shrews

Back 19

80

20

Front 20

convolutions (wrinkles) in the primate neocortex provide increased _______

Back 20

surface area

Front 21

important property of the neocortex

Back 21

cortical processing

Front 22

changes that take place in the Neocortex when connections are formed or strengthened along frequently used pathways, or when unused connections are weakened or lost

Back 22

cortical processing

Front 23

during the lengthy juvenile development of a primate Neocortex the wiring of the cortex is modified for ____ & _____ with the environment

Back 23

learning and interaction

CORTICAL PROCESSING

Front 24

Within the primates, species that eat ____ tend to have relatively larger brains than species that mainly eat ______

Back 24

fruit

leaves

Front 25

Infant directed speech has limited ____ and ___

Back 25

vocabulary and concrete reference

Front 26

Example of an infants limited vocabulary and concrete reference

Back 26

doggie, potty, choo-choo train, boo-boo

Front 27

Infant directed speech has simple ___

Back 27

syntax

Front 28

short sentences; more imperatives and questions

Back 28

simple syntax

Front 29

infant directed speech shows precise _____

Back 29

articulation

Front 30

____ speech is repetitive

Back 30

infant directed speech

Front 31

Infant directed speech shows exaggerated ______

Back 31

pitch contours

Front 32

_____ give acoustically distinct calls for different predators, and result in different behavioral responses

Back 32

Vervet monkeys