Animal Chiro Mod 2 "veterinary Anatomy"

Front 1

What are the 3 types of Canine skull shapes?

Back 1

1- Mesaticephalic
2- Brachycephalic
3- Dolichocephalic

Front 2

Which of the three canine breeds gets there odd muzzle as a result of "breeding"

Back 2

Brachycephalic

Front 3

Permanent canine teeth begin around ___ months and finish erupting around ____ months of age.

Back 3

Begins around, 3 months

Finishes around, 5-7 months

Front 4

The largest cutting tooth in the upper jaw of a canine? It the 4th premolar

Back 4

Carnassial or sectorial teeth

Front 5

Canine TMJ is a synovial hinge joint transversely oriented ____ __ _________. This prevents a luxation in the _______ direction.

Back 5

Cylinder of the condyle

Prevents CAUDAL TMJ luxation

Front 6

What are the 3 muscles of the skull in relation to canine TMJ?

Back 6

1-Temoralis
2-Masseter
3-Pterygoid

Front 7

True or false:
Equine teeth stop growing around the age of 8 years

Back 7

False- They always continue to grow.

Front 8

T or F
Canine teeth in a Equine are only present in the male

Back 8

False- present in both sexes but typically rudimentary and fail to erupt in mares

Front 9

T or F
Wolf teeth, first premolar are seen on the lower jaw

Back 9

False- The wolf teeth are seen in the upper jaw

Front 10

Name the 3 muscles of the Equine TMJ and their actions.

Back 10

1-Temporalis= elevates jaw
2- Masseter= Pulls Jaw to active side
3- Pterygoideus= produces grinding movements of the jaw

Front 11

What is the vertebral formula for a Canine?

Back 11

C7, T13, L7, S3, Cy3-20

Front 12

What is the vertebral formula for a Feline?

Back 12

C7, T13, L7, S3, Cy10-20

Front 13

What is the vertebral formula for a Equine?

Back 13

C7, T18, L6, S5, Cy18

Front 14

All mammals have 7 cervical vertebra except:

Back 14

Sloth, platypus, manatee, armadillo, anteater

Front 15

What are three functions of the vertebral column?

Back 15

1-stiffen the body axis (level for forward motion)
2-posture
3-Locomotion
4-protect the spinal cord
5-passage way for the spinal nerves

Front 16

which animal's IVD are longer then in most species contributing to____% of the total length of the vertebral column?

Back 16

Canine

15-20%

Front 17

Which segments in the vertebral column are the most flexible?

Back 17

Caudal Cervical

Front 18

T or F
Ventral flexion is mainly the result of the cranial thoracic joints and cervical vertebra coming into line.

Back 18

True

Front 19

For sagittal flexion and extension during gallop (allowing the hind limb to be placed along side forelimbs) Where does most of this movement take place?

Back 19

Caudal thoracic and cranial lumbar

Front 20

Which motion is nessessary for a dog to curl up while sleeping?

Back 20

Lateral flexion of the thoracic and lumbar spine.

Front 21

Which vertebra has no body?

Back 21

Atlas- it has two lateral masses

Front 22

What is the name and AKA of the vertebra which is rod like, tall and blade like in carnivores?

Back 22

Axis AKA epistrpheus

Front 23

Name all "Atypical" cervical vertebra?

Back 23

C1, C2, C7

Front 24

When adjusting cervical vertebra, "The Valley" is what contact point?

Back 24

Lamina Pedicle junction

Front 25

When palpating cervical vertebra, "The Hills" are known as?

Back 25

Articular processes

Front 26

With the cranial articular process, what are the facets positions?

Back 26

Cranial= medial, cranial and dorsal at 45 degree angle

Front 27

With the caudal articular process, what are the facets positions?

Back 27

Caudal= ventral, caudal and lateral

Front 28

This CP is palpated ventral to the lamina-pedicle junction

Back 28

Transverse process

Front 29

This is transitional vertebra which is also know to have a "taller spinous process"

Back 29

C7

Front 30

Which ligament plays an important role in supporting the head?

Back 30

Nuchal ligament

Front 31

What are the attachment points of the nuchal ligament?

Back 31

Spinous process of C2 to T1

Front 32

The Nuchal ligament is a superior continuation of which other ligament?

Back 32

Supraspinous ligament

Front 33

Which animal has no Nuchal ligament?

Back 33

the feline has no nuchal ligament

Front 34

What is the function of the nuchal ligament in the equine?

Back 34

to support the weight of the head without interfering with the ability to lower the head for grazing.

Front 35

Name the two parts of the nuchal ligament in horses?

Back 35

1-Dorsal-funicular portion
2-Laminar portion

Front 36

What is the location of the dorsal portion of the nuchal ligament in a horse?

Back 36

EOP of the skull to the highest spine of the withers

Front 37

What is the location of the laminar portion of the nuchal ligament in a horse?

Back 37

Bundles of elastic fibers that run from C2-C7 to T2,T3

Front 38

Name the three bursa in the cervical spine of a horse along the nuchal ligament?

Back 38

1- Cranial Nuchal (atlantal bursa)
2-Caudal Nuchal (sometimes C2)
3- Supraspinous bursa (SP of T3)

Front 39

What is and what is the cause of "Fistulous Withers"?

Back 39

Bursitis of the supraspinous bursa. Possible due to infection, brucellosis or trauma

Front 40

What type of joint is the Atlanto-occipital joint?

Back 40

Synovial, diarthroial, condylar, hinge

Front 41

Name the POL muscles of the horse.

Back 41

Multifidis cervicalis
Intertransverse versarii
Interspinalis