Animal Cell Organelles

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ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)

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Extensive network of membranous tubes and sacs called cisternae.The ER membrane seperates the internal compartment of the ER, called the ER lumen(cavity) or cisternal space, from the cytosol. The ER is continuous with the nuclear envelope. There are two two distinct, connected, regions of ER called Smooth ER and Rough ER. Smooth is named because its outer surface lacks ribosomes. Rough ER has ribosomes on the outer surface. The ER is active in membrane synthisis and other synthetic and metobolic processes.

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SMOOTH ER

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Function in diverse metabolic processes, which vary in cell type. These processes include synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, and detoxification of drugs and poisons. Enzymes of the smooth ER are important in the synthesis of lipids, oils, phospholipids, and steroids. The smooth ER also stores calcium.

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ROUGH ER

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Many types of cells secrete proteins produced by ribosomes attached to rough ER.In addition to making secretory proteins, rough ER is a membrane factory for the cell; it grows in place by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its OWN membrane.

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NUCLEUS

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Contains most of the genes in eukaryotic cells