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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ethology |
The study of animal behavior |
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Proximate Causation |
"How" a behavior occurs or is modified. |
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Ultimate Caucation |
"Why" a behavior occurs in the contexts of natural selection. |
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Fixed Action Pattern |
A sequence of unlearned acts directly linked to a simple stimulus. They are essentially unchangeable and carried to competition. |
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Sign Stimulus |
The trigger associated with a fixed action pattern. |
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Circandian Clock |
An internal mechanism that maintains a 24-hour activity rhythm or cycle. |
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Circandian rhythm |
A daily cycle of rest and activity. |
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Animals way of communicating |
Visual, tactile, chemical |
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Pheramones |
Chemicals emitted through odors or tastes. |
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Karl von Frisch studies European honeybees. What are the two types of dances that they preform? |
The round dance- indicated food is near. The waggle dance- food is distant. |
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Spatial learning |
The establishment of a memory that reflects the environments stricture. Enables an organism to locate a place by learning its position relative to visible landmarks. |
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Associative learning |
The ability to associate one environment feature with another. Animals can associate color with food and danger with sound. |
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Operate Conditioning |
A type of learning where behavior is controlled by consequences. |
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Cognition |
Process of knowing that involves awareness, reasoning, recolation and judgement. |
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Foraging |
Food obtaining behavior. Any activity an animal uses to search for, recognize, and capture food items. |
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Polygamy |
An individual of one sex mating with several of the other. |
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Polygyny |
Single male and multiple females. |
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Polyandry |
Single female and multiple males. |
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Two factors that are important in determining the evolution of monogamous relationships. |
Certainty of paternity & more viable offspring. |
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Intersexual Selection |
Choose mates on the basis of characteristics of the other sex. |
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Intrasexual Selection |
Involves competition between members of one sex for mates. |
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Agnostic behavior |
A contest that determines which competitor gains access to a resource. (mate) |
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Altruism |
Sacrificing oneself for the good of the population. |
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Kin selection |
Risking ones life only for close relatives. |
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What is the circadian rhythm synchronized with? |
Light and dark cycles. |
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Circannual rhythms |
Linked to yearly cycles |
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Circandian clock |
An internal mechanism that maintains a 24-hour activity cycle. |
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Model that helps predict how an animal behaves when searching for food |
Optimal foraging theory |
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Two factors that contribute significantly to behavior |
Social and physical environments |
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Two types of associative learning |
Operant conditioning and classical conditioning |
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Cognition |
The process of knowing that involves awareness, reasoning, recolation, and judgment |
