Animal Anatomy

Front 1

This tissue consists of a thin layer of cells, and makes up the layers of the skin, line ducts, and the intestine, and covers the inside of the body cavity. This tissue forms the barrier between the environment of and the interior of the body.

Back 1

epithelial tissue

Front 2

This tissue covers internal organs and composes ligaments and tendons. This tissue holds tissues and organs together, stabilizing the body structure.

Back 2

connective tissue

Front 3

This tissue makes up the walls of internal organs and functions in involuntary movement.

Back 3

smooth muscle tissue

Front 4

This tissue attaches to the bones of the skeleton to each other and surrounding tissues; and the function is to enable voluntary movement.

Back 4

skeletal muscle tissue

Front 5

This tissue forms the walls of the heart; its strength and electrical properties are vietal to the heart's ability to pump blood.

Back 5

cardiac muscle tissue

Front 6

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Back 6

smooth, skeletal, cardiac

Front 7

This tissue is found in the skeleton and provides support, protection for internal organs, and the ability to move as muscles pull against bones.

Back 7

bone tissue

Front 8

This tissue reduces friciton between bones, and supports and connects them. This tissue would be ofund at ends of bones and in the ears and nose.

Back 8

cartilage tissue

Front 9

This tissue is found beneath the skin and around organs providing cushioning, insulation, and fat storage.

Back 9

adipose tissue

Front 10

This tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglion. It carries electrical and chemical impulses to and from organs and limbs to the brain. The tissue in the brain receives these impulses and sustains mental activity.

Back 10

nerve tissue

Front 11

This tissue consists of several cell types in a fluid called plasma. It flows through the blood vessels and heart, and is essential for carrying oxygen to cells, fighting infection, and carrying nutrients and wastes to and from cells. Blood also has clotting capabilities, which preserve the body's functions in case of energy.

Back 11

blood tissue

Front 12

This system serves as a processing plant for ingested food.

Back 12

digestive system

Front 13

This system is responsible for the intake and processing of gases required by an organism, and for expelling gases produced as waste products.

Back 13

respiratory or gas exchange system

Front 14

This system provides the body with structure, stability, and the ability to move.

Back 14

musculoskeletal system

Front 15

This system is a communication network that connects the entire body of an organism, and provides control over bodily functions and actions.

Back 15

nervous system

Front 16

This system is the conduit for delivering nutrients and gases to all cells and for removing waste products from them.

Back 16

circulatory system

Front 17

This system is responsible for collecting waste materials and transporting them to organs that expel them from the body.

Back 17

excretory system

Front 18

This system functions to defend the body from infection by bacteria and viruses.

Back 18

immune system

Front 19

This system is the principal infection-fighting component of the immune system

Back 19

The lymphatic system

Front 20

organs of the lymphatic system

Back 20

lymph, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils

Front 21

definition of lymph

Back 21

a collection of excess fluid that is absorbed from between cells into a special system of vessels, which circulates through the lymphatic system and finally dumps into the bloodstream; lymph also collects plasma proteins that have leaked into interstitial fluids

Front 22

definition of lymph nodes

Back 22

small masses of lymph tissue whose function is to filer lymph and produce lymphocytes

Front 23

two classes of lymphocytes and their function:

Back 23

B cells - emerge from the bon marrow mature and produce antibodies, which enter the bloodstream and find and attach themselves to foreign antigens (toxens, bacteria, foreign cells); the attachment of an antibody to an antigen marks the pair for destruction

T cells mature in the thymus gland and are also equipped to destroy antigens themselves, t cells also regulate the body's immune responses.

Front 24

function of the spleen

Back 24

filters larger volumes of lymph than nodes can handle.

Front 25

this is active only through the teen years, fighting infection and producing t cells.

Back 25

thymus

Front 26

primary execretory organs of most vertebrates?

Back 26

kidneys

Front 27

these organs filter metabolic wastes from the blood and excrete them as urine into the urinary tract

Back 27

kidneys

Front 28

this organ produces bile from broken down pigments and chemicals, and secretes it into the small intestine, where it proceeds to the large intestine and is expelled in the feces

Back 28

liver