Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
300 B.C.
|
Celts called "Brythons" live in Britain
|
|
55 B.C.
|
Caesar invades Britain
|
|
313 A.D.
|
Christianity declared lawful in Rome
|
|
409 A.D.
|
Roman legions withdraw from Britain
|
|
432 A.D.
|
Patrick brings Christianity to Ireland
|
|
449 A.D
|
Angles, Saxons, Jutes invade Britain
|
|
516-537 A.D.
|
King Arthur rules Celtic tribe
|
|
597 A.D.
|
Saint Augustine establishes monastery at Cantebury
|
|
793 A.D.
|
Vikings invade Britain, century of invasions begin
|
|
878 A.D.
|
Alfred the Great is king of England; forces Danes from Wessex
|
|
891 A.D
|
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle begun
|
|
1066 A.D.
|
Normans defeat Saxons; William the Conqueror becomes English king
|
|
Sources of info on Anglo-Saxons
|
1. surviving literature
2. church records 3. Roman military records 4. archeology |
|
thane
|
Anglos-Saxon warrior/soldier
|
|
comitatus
|
circular relationship that describes brotherhood that existed b/t chief and thanes
|
|
bard/scop
|
poet, transmitter of history; gifted in remembering stories and weaving in other stories
|
|
epic poem
|
1. long narrative poem
2. serious subject 3.told in an elevated style 4. about a superhuman/part divine hero 5.hero's actions affect the fate of a nation |
|
elegy
|
a poem that mourns for someone or something lost
|
|
elegiac
|
mournful tone used in most Anglo-Saxon poetry
|
|
alliteration
|
two or more words in a line of poetry with the same beginning sound. In Anglo-Saxon poetry, used as a memory aid and to stress words
|
|
caesura
|
obvious pause within a line.
In A/S poetry, the pause divides the line, with at least one alliterative beat in each half, and was originally where an instrument might have been played |
|
kenning
|
a compound word metaphor, used to expand vocabulary and aid memory
|
|
Norman invasion
|
in 1066 William of Normandy defeated King Harold of England. This invasion ended the A/S period and unified England with the rest of the Continent. Normans brought an administrative ability and cultural unity to England
|
|
Domesday Book
|
inventory of nearly every piece of property in Europe. Created by King William
|
|
Feudalism
|
social system based on hierarchy, with overlords, vassals, vassal's vassals, down to serfs.
|
|
knights
|
most men who weren't serfs were trained as knights, because a vassal's primary function was military service
|
|
"Iron Cocoon"
|
the suit of armor came about b/c crossbow arrows could pierce chain mail. The fitted plates were so heavy and complex that knights could suffocate in them
|
|
chivalry
|
a system of ideals and social codes governing the behavior of knights and gentlewomen
|
|
Crusades
|
European Chritstians attacked Muslims to win the Holy Land. They failed, but the exposure to eastern culture brought new knowledge to improve the quality of life
|
|
Thomas A Becket
|
The Archbishop of Canterbury who was murdered in his cathedral. The reastion to his martyrdom shifted power away from the king toward the Church
|
|
Magna Carta
|
Aristocrats forced king John to sign this charter giving them some rights.
|
|
Hundred Years War
|
England vs. France
England developed a national consciousness. Musket and longbow end age of knights. Rise of yeoman class |
|
Black death
|
plague led to end of feudalism b/c of a shortage of labor
|
|
three estates
|
1. clergy
2. nobility 3. commoners |
|
pilgrimage
|
spiritual and physical journey to a shrine or holy place for spiritual/physical healing
|
|
seven sacraments
|
baptism, confirmation, holy eucharist, penance, matrimony, holy orders, extreme unction
|
|
Pentecost
|
associated with confirmation, event when Holy Spirit descended upon Apostles after resurrection
|
|
Purgatory
|
where people go who aren't bad enough for hell or good enough for heaven. Purgatory ends on judgement day. People could work off time in purgatory by works in life
|
|
Indulgence
|
reduced time in Purgatory. Became a monetary transaction with corrupt priests
|
|
seven deadly sins
|
sloth, gluttony, envy, avarice, lust, pride, wrath
|
|
excommunication
|
official separation from the life of the church
|
|
4 humors
|
yello bile-choleric
black bile-melancholy phlegm-phlegmatic (sluggish) blood-sanguine (passionate) |
|
Fabliau
|
dirty story with low class characters
|
|
Breton Lai
|
a form of medieval French/English lit: short rhymed tales of love and chivalry, often involving supernatural magical elements usually set in Brittany
|
|
Exemplum
|
story that preaches a moral/emphasizes a theme in preaching
|