Angiosperms

Front 1

angiosperms have one phylum

Back 1

Anthophyta which make up a vast majority of seed plants

-anthos means flower

Front 2

definiton of angiosperm

Back 2

container or vessel

Front 3

sperm means seed in regards to angio and gymnosperms

Back 3

oh ya

Front 4

what makes up microsporophylls?

Back 4

stamens which have anther and fillament

Front 5

megasporophylls

Back 5

carpels - have sigma + style + ovary

Front 6

what does perfect mean according to Linneas?

Back 6

a flower is perfect because it has stamens and carpels

Front 7

imperfect

Back 7

contains either stamens or carpel, hence male or female

Front 8

monoecious

Back 8

imperfect flowers can be present on one plant, so the plant will have male and female flowers.

Front 9

dicoecious

Back 9

male and female flowers present on different individual flowers

Front 10

FRUIT

container part of angiosperm happens when

Back 10

mature ovary contains the seeds

Front 11

cotyledons

Back 11

-are embryonic seed leaves that become the first leaves of a seedling upon germination

Front 12

radicle

Back 12

embryonic root present inside seed that becomes first roots upon germination

Front 13

what do anthers as part of the stamen produce?

Back 13

microspores that devlop into male gametophytes(pollen grains)

Front 14

pollen grain is made up of 2 cells:

Back 14

generative and tube cell

Front 15

ovules

Back 15

produce megaspores that produce female gametophyte(emrbyonic sac)

Front 16

embryonic sac has _ cells in angiosperms, one these cells has two nuclei that are called

Back 16

7, polar bodies

Front 17

where does pollen land for pollination?

Back 17

on stigma of the capel/megasporophyll

Front 18

Pollin germination

Back 18

1. pollen hydrates on stigma and pollen tube break through pollen wall at an area of weakness or through enzymatic degradation

2. generative cell divides to form 2 sperm cells

3. pollen tube slides down style, taking sperm with it to the ovules witin ovary

Front 19

double fertilization

Back 19

1 sperm fused with egg to become diploid zygote.

other fuses with polar body to become a triploid endosperm

Front 20

endosperm takes nutrients from... and undergoes .... to produce starchy food source for ...

Back 20

parent gametophyte, mitosis, embryo

Front 21

when did radiation of angiosperms occur?

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Cretaceous and Tertiary

Front 22

Like angiosperms, gymnosperms are pollinated by

Back 22

wind and insects

Front 23

double fertilization in gnetum and ephedra

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one sperm fertilizes egg, the other aborts

Front 24

instead of being nourished by endopserm like in angiosperms, gymnosperms are

Back 24

nourished by pre-existing tissues of the female gametophyte

Front 25

2 advantages to angiosperm style fertilization

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1. food store for seed (endosperm) develops only after fertilization so no resources are wasted if egg is unfertilized

2. female gametophyte much smaller so inexpensive and quick to produce, takes a few days rather than months

Front 26

Amborella trichopododa

Back 26

most ancient living angiosperm

Front 27

monocots

Back 27

anthophyta with one cotyledon

Front 28

dicots

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anthophyta with two cotyledons

Front 29

monocots are ...phyletic and dicots are ...phyletic

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monophyletic, paraphyletic

Front 30

eudicots are a subset of dicots that are

Back 30

monophyletic

Front 31

eduicots have (list 6 characteristics)

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2 cotyledons, netlike veins, ringlike vascular tissue, taproot, 3 openings in pollen, flower parts in 4's and 5's

Front 32

monocots have

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1 cotyledon, parellel veins, scattered vascualr tissue, fibrous roots, 1 opening in pollen, flower parts in 3's

Front 33

3 ways human use angiosperms

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1. food sources

2. oil

3. spices and flavourings

4. sugar/stevia

5. drugs - medicinal like aspirin or recreational like coffee beans

Front 34

transgenic golden rice

Back 34

contains genes from daffodils that makes betacarotene(vitamin A)