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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What drugs are used in Angina?
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Nitrates, Calcium Channel blocker, Beta Blocking drugs, Ranolazine
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How does nitrates do what it does?
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Stimulates Guanylyl cyclase causing an increase in cGMP leading to smooth muscle relaxation causing venodilation>Vasodilator causing decrease preload
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Why are nitrates so important in Angina? What isn't it so useful for?
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Helps reduce the oxygen demand, not so much important for increasing coronary flow unles its a coronary vasospasm
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Examples of Calcium Channel Blocking Drugs
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Nifedipine, Diltiazem, Verapamil
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How do Calcium Channel Blocking drugs work? Where in the body?
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They inhibit the L-type Calcium channels found in cardiac and smooth muscle, NOT in Skeletal Muscle.
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Why are Calcium Channel Blocking drugs so important?
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A. They reduce intracellular calcium and muscle contractility
B. All of them cause vasodilation C.Verapamil and diltiazem reducing heart rate and contractility as well as Blocking Ca-dependent conduction of the AV node. |
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Beta-Blocking drugs-physiologically function
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Decrease Heart rate, force of contraction and blood pressure helping to decrease myocardial oxygen consumption
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What situation is Beta-Blocking drugs critical in Angina? What is it ineffective in?
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Helps increase exercise tolerance, works in stable, unstable, and myocardial angina, but ineffective in vasospastic Angina.
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Name what type of Beta Blockers they are:
A. Labetalol B. Propranalol C. Atenolol D. Metoprolol E. Carvediliol |
A. Alpha-1 and B-Blocker
B. Non-Selective B-Blocker C. B-1 selective Blocker D. B-1 Selective Blocker E. Alpha-1 and Beta Blockers effective in CHF |
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What Calcium Channel blocker is safe in CHF?
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Amlodpine
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What are the major side effects of Nitrates?
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Headaches, Nitrate Tolerance, Hypotension, Reflex Tachycardia, Flushing
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Calcium Channel Blockers side effects?
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A. Lower Extremity Edema,
B. Headache C. Flushing, D. Reflex tachycardia, E. Dilitiazem, Verapamil- Bradycardia, heart block F. Verapamil- Constipation |
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How does Ranolazine work chemically?
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When a cardiac cell is ischemic, the late sodium channels don't close fast enough so Sodium channels can enter Myocardial cells which are exchanged for Calcium leading to increase actin interaction. This drug prevents that from happening
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What does Ranolazine do to the body?
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leads the cardiac cells to relax more normally during diastole which lead to less compression of the vascular space and increase oxygen supply, doesn't affect heart rate or BP
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Side effects of Ranolazine
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May prolong QT interval,
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When should you use Ranolazine?
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People with chronic stable angina that are refractory to most medications.
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What are Myocardial infarction?
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Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery with exposure to the subendotheiali tissue leads to thormbus formation and occlusion of the artery. heart muscle will die in 4-6 hours if not treated
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So what do you use in MI?
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Thrombolytics, aspirin, Heparin occurs with chest pain of less than 6 hours with ST elevation
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What do you give Post MI
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Beta blockers, Aspirin, Statins. ACE inhibitors
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